Alternations of thin-bedded limestone and shale, or ribbon rock, commonly occur throughout lower Palaeozoic carbonate successions; however, their formative processes are still unclear. In this study, we discuss the origin of the ribbon rocks of the upper Cambrian Hwajeol Formation, Korea, based on detailed microfacies analysis of a ~ 2-m-thick interval. Five sedimentary microfacies were identified: normally graded calcarenite to shale; parallel-laminated shale; lime mudstone; wackestone-to-packstone; and bioclastic–intraclastic packstone-to-conglomerate. Shale facies were most likely formed by frequent storm-induced bottom currents, whereas, lime mudstone facies were deposited in situ by suspension settling of micrite, mudflows, or growth of keratose sponges on the seafloor, and/or formed by early diagenetic growth. Conglomerate/packstone/wackestone indicate infrequent, larger-scale events, e.g., mega-storms, tsunamis, or earthquakes. We propose a new formative model for tempestite-type ribbon rock based on the Hwajeol example, and suggest that this model can be differentiated from the other types of ribbon rocks—tidalite, turbidite, and diagenetic types. Formation of the tempestite-type ribbon rocks would have been promoted by the characteristic environmental conditions of the early Palaeozoic, in particular sea-water chemistry that promoted calcite precipitation and the paucity of burrowers. Detailed microscopic observations can thus provide clues to elucidate previously unknown sedimentary processes in the deeper parts of carbonate platforms.

薄层灰岩和页岩或带状岩的交替，通常发生在下古生界碳酸盐岩演替阶段。但是，它们的形成过程仍不清楚。在这项研究中，我们根据〜2 m厚层段的详细微相分析，讨论了韩国上寒武统华je组带状岩石的成因。确定了五个沉积微相：正常梯度钙铁矿到页岩；平行层状页岩 石灰泥岩 磨砂石 以及生物碎屑-碎屑堆积岩到砾岩。页岩相很可能是由频繁的风暴诱发的底流形成的，而石灰质泥岩相是通过微尘的悬浮沉降，泥浆流或角蛋白海绵在海底的生长而原位沉积的，和/或由早成岩作用形成的。砾岩/堆积岩/砂岩表明不经常发生的大规模事件，例如特大暴风雨，海啸或地震。我们基于Hwajeol的示例提出了一种新的针对风暴带状带状岩石的形成模型，并建议该模型可以与其他类型的带状岩石（辉绿岩，浊石和成岩类型）区分开来。早古生代的特殊环境条件，尤其是海水化学，促进了方解石沉淀和稀少的穴居人，将促进了陨石型带状岩石的形成。因此，详细的显微镜观察可以为阐明碳酸盐台地表较深部分先前未知的沉积过程提供线索。我们基于Hwajeol的示例提出了一种新的针对风暴带状带状岩石的形成模型，并建议该模型可以与其他类型的带状岩石（辉绿岩，浊石和成岩类型）区分开来。早古生代的特殊环境条件，尤其是海水化学，促进了方解石沉淀和稀少的穴居人，将促进了陨石型带状岩石的形成。因此，详细的显微镜观察可以为阐明碳酸盐台地表较深部分先前未知的沉积过程提供线索。我们基于Hwajeol的示例提出了一种新的针对风暴带状带状岩石的形成模型，并建议该模型可以与其他类型的带状岩石（辉绿岩，浊石和成岩类型）区分开来。早古生代的特殊环境条件，尤其是海水化学，促进了方解石沉淀和稀少的穴居人，将促进了陨石型带状岩石的形成。因此，详细的显微镜观察可以为阐明碳酸盐台地表较深部分先前未知的沉积过程提供线索。早古生代的特殊环境条件，尤其是海水化学，促进了方解石沉淀和稀少的穴居人，将促进了陨石型带状岩石的形成。因此，详细的显微镜观察可以为阐明碳酸盐台地表较深部分先前未知的沉积过程提供线索。早古生代的特殊环境条件，尤其是海水化学，促进了方解石沉淀和稀少的穴居人，将促进了陨石型带状岩石的形成。因此，详细的显微镜观察可以为阐明碳酸盐台地表较深部分先前未知的沉积过程提供线索。