Economic transition in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) has led to a dramatic increase in CEE firms' participation in international markets. This applies to different types of firms – from large emerging market multinationals to small international new ventures. In this paper, we systematically review the research on CEE outward internationalization, which we define as internationalization of CEE-based firms in the form of exporting or FDI, and contribute to literature by providing a complete picture of the state of the art and outlining potential avenues for future research. We find that while the CEE region has been described as a fruitful ground for developing new and testing existing theories, it heavily loads on the latter. We suggest that greater reliance on theories and concepts from the field of entrepreneurship and a stronger focus on internationalization decision processes might further enrich our understanding of internationalization from CEE.

中欧和东欧（CEE）的经济转型导致CEE公司参与国际市场的人数急剧增加。这适用于不同类型的公司-从大型新兴市场跨国公司到小型国际新兴企业。在本文中，我们系统地回顾了对CEE外向国际化的研究，我们将其定义为以出口或FDI形式出现的基于CEE的公司的国际化，并通过提供最先进的技术状况和概述潜力来为文献做出贡献未来研究的途径。我们发现，尽管CEE区域被描述为开发新理论和测试现有理论的丰硕成果，但它却给后者带来了沉重的负担。