A method for determining electrical and electric process parameter characteristics (in relative units) is proposed, which enables analyzing and optimizing the operating conditions of electric arc furnaces (EAF) by accounting for the negative effect of electric arc burning process during different periods of melting. The obtained data were compared to those calculated using common electrical characteristics to show that the actual generated arc power decreases by 30 to 40 % during melting and by 20 to 25 % during heating of liquid metal. The transformer voltage effect on the arc power and electric process parameters (arc emissivity (R_F) and heating rate) has been studied. It was shown that the voltage variation effect on arc emissivity is especially strong (according to a square law), which makes it a very effective tool for intensifying the metal melting process. It was found that while maintaining a constant furnace current using a controller, it becomes necessary to reduce the transformer voltage as the required relative current value increases during melting to ensure preserving the optimal operating conditions. The following transformer voltage ratio was justified during different melting periods (melting, re-melting, and heating of liquid metal): (1.5–1.7)/(1.15–1.2)/1.0. An increase in transformer voltage without violating the optimal operating conditions is only possible by providing an optional control of the electrical circuit of the furnace using installed series reactors on the high-voltage side of the transformer.

提出了一种确定电气和电气工艺参数特性（以相对单位为单位）的方法，该方法能够通过考虑电弧熔化过程在不同熔化时期的负面影响来分析和优化电弧炉（EAF）的工作条件。将获得的数据与使用通用电气特性计算出的数据进行比较，以表明实际产生的电弧功率在熔化过程中降低了30％至40％，在液态金属加热过程中降低了20％至25％。变压器电压对电弧功率和电气工艺参数的影响（电弧发射率（R _F）和加热速率）已被研究。结果表明，电压变化对电弧发射率的影响特别大（根据平方律），这使其成为增强金属熔化过程的非常有效的工具。已经发现，在使用控制器保持炉电流恒定的同时，由于在熔化期间所需的相对电流值增加，因此有必要降低变压器电压，以确保保持最佳的工作条件。以下变压器电压比在不同的熔化时间（熔化，重熔和液态金属加热）期间是合理的：（1.5–1.7）/（1.15–1.2）/1.0。