Disinfectants and sanitizers are essential preventive agents against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic; however, the pandemic crisis was marred by undue hype, which led to the indiscriminate use of disinfectants and sanitizers. Despite demonstrating a beneficial role in the control and prevention of COVID-19, there are crucial concerns regarding the large-scale use of disinfectants and sanitizers, including the side effects on human and animal health along with harmful impacts exerted on the environment and ecological balance. This article discusses the roles of disinfectants and sanitizers in the control and prevention of the current pandemic and highlights updated disinfection techniques against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This article provides evidence of the deleterious effects of disinfectants and sanitizers exerted on humans, animals, and the environment as well as suggests mitigation strategies to reduce these effects. Additionally, potential technologies and approaches for the reduction of these effects and the development of safe, affordable, and effective disinfectants are discussed, particularly, eco-friendly technologies using nanotechnology and nanomedicine.

消毒剂和消毒剂是预防 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 大流行的必要预防剂；然而，大流行危机因过度炒作而受损，导致消毒剂和消毒剂的滥用。尽管在控制和预防 COVID-19 方面表现出有益的作用，但大规模使用消毒剂和消毒剂仍令人担忧，包括对人类和动物健康的副作用以及对环境和生态平衡的有害影响. 本文讨论了消毒剂和消毒剂在控制和预防当前大流行中的作用，并重点介绍了针对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 的最新消毒技术。本文提供了消毒剂和消毒剂对人类、动物和环境造成有害影响的证据，并提出了减少这些影响的缓解策略。此外，还讨论了减少这些影响的潜在技术和方法，以及开发安全、负担得起和有效的消毒剂，特别是使用纳米技术和纳米医学的环保技术。