Abstract N6-methyl-adenosine (m6A) methylation is one of the most common and abundant modifications of RNA molecules in eukaryotes. Although various biological roles of m6A methylation have been elucidated, its role in embryonic development is still unclear. In this review, we focused on the function and expression patterns of m6A-related genes in mammalian embryonic development and the role of m6A modification in the embryonic epigenetic reprogramming process. The modification of m6A is regulated by the combined activities of methyltransferases, demethylases, and m6A-binding proteins. m6A-related genes act synergistically to form a dynamic, reversible m6A pattern, which exists in several physiological processes in various stages of embryonic development. The lack of one of these enzymes affects embryonic m6A levels, leading to abnormal embryonic development and even death. Moreover, m6A is a positive regulator of reprogramming to pluripotency and can affect embryo reprogramming by affecting activation of the maternal-to-zygotic transition. In conclusion, m6A is involved in the regulation of gene expression during embryonic development and the metabolic processes of RNA and plays an important role in the epigenetic modification of embryos.

中文翻译：

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N6-甲基腺苷修饰在哺乳动物胚胎发育中的作用

摘要N6-甲基-腺苷（m6A）甲基化是真核生物中RNA分子最常见，最丰富的修饰之一。尽管已经阐明了m6A甲基化的各种生物学作用，但其在胚胎发育中的作用仍不清楚。在这篇综述中，我们专注于m6A相关基因在哺乳动物胚胎发育中的功能和表达模式，以及m6A修饰在胚胎表观遗传重编程过程中的作用。m6A的修饰受甲基转移酶，脱甲基酶和m6A结合蛋白的联合活性调节。m6A相关基因协同作用以形成动态，可逆的m6A模式，该模式存在于胚胎发育各个阶段的几个生理过程中。这些酶之一的缺乏会影响胚胎m6A的水平，导致异常的胚胎发育，甚至死亡。而且，m6A是重编程为多能性的正调节剂，并且可以通过影响母体到合子转变的激活来影响胚胎的重编程。总之，m6A参与胚胎发育和RNA代谢过程中的基因表达调控，并在胚胎的表观遗传修饰中起重要作用。