Abstract

This paper presents a systematic review of the impact of preterm childbirth on the later executive functioning of preschool-aged children. A systematic search for studies published between 2014 and 2019 was performed using the following keywords: executive funct* AND preterm AND child. The methodological quality of the reports was examined using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement. Thirty-two studies were reviewed and scored at least 67% on the methodological quality assessment. In comparison to children born full-term, preschool children born preterm exhibit executive functioning deficits in the dimensions of the global index, inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, working memory, and planning/executive functioning. These findings are independent of the degree of prematurity at birth. Since executive functioning has many complex components, future studies should assess the dimensions of executive functioning separately in preschool-aged children born preterm, rather than as a single measure.

摘要

本文系统评价了早产对学龄前儿童后期执行功能的影响。使用以下关键字对 2014 年至 2019 年间发表的研究进行了系统搜索：执行功能* AND preterm AND child. 使用加强流行病学观察性研究报告 (STROBE) 声明对报告的方法学质量进行了检查。对 32 项研究进行了审查，在方法学质量评估中得分至少为 67%。与足月出生的儿童相比，早产的学龄前儿童在全局指数、抑制控制、认知灵活性、工作记忆和计划/执行功能方面表现出执行功能缺陷。这些发现与出生时早产的程度无关。由于执行功能有许多复杂的组成部分，未来的研究应该分别评估早产学龄前儿童执行功能的维度，而不是作为一个单一的衡量标准。