ABSTRACT

The proliferation of diasporas has influenced the nature of internationalization in many higher education (HE) systems and institutions, especially in terms of academic and student mobility/migration. Through a systematic review of the academic literature, I critically analyze the widespread uses of and approaches to ‘diaspora’ in HE research and its relationship to internationalization. I identify two major areas of studies and corresponding approaches to diaspora: one which frames diaspora as human capital and focusses on the role of the state; and the other which frames diaspora as marginalized other and social construct. I argue that ‘diaspora’ in HE studies tends to be ambiguous, under-defined, under-theorized, and fragmented. I further argue that it is loosely connected to internationalization discourses, despite its clear connections. I posit that this is because ‘internationalization’ is associated with humanitarianism, cosmopolitanism, global citizenship and the de-centering of states, nations, ethnicities, religions, and particularistic identities. Diaspora is often associated with these latter categories and thus, is shunned. I conclude by suggesting that the blending of (often conflictual) ideas, intentions, values and identities is precisely what diaspora engages in and that the conditions of our increasingly mobile and (inter)connected world necessitate a (re)thinking of diaspora in HE scholarship.

摘要

侨民的激增影响了许多高等教育 (HE) 系统和机构的国际化性质，特别是在学术和学生流动/迁移方面。通过对学术文献的系统回顾，我批判性地分析了高等教育研究中“散居”的广泛使用和方法及其与国际化的关系。我确定了侨民的两个主要研究领域和相应的方法：一个将侨民视为人力资本，并侧重于国家的作用；另一个将侨民视为边缘化的他者和社会建构。我认为，高等教育研究中的“散居”往往是模棱两可的、定义不足的、理论化的和支离破碎的。我进一步认为，尽管它与国际化话语有明显的联系，但它与国际化话语的联系很松散。我认为这是因为“国际化”与人道主义、世界主义、全球公民以及国家、民族、种族、宗教和特殊身份的去中心化有关。侨民通常与后一类相关联，因此被回避。我最后提出，（通常是冲突的）思想、意图、价值观和身份的融合正是侨民所从事的工作，我们日益流动和（相互）联系的世界的条件需要在高等教育奖学金中对侨民进行（重新）思考. 侨民通常与后一类相关联，因此被回避。我最后提出，（通常是冲突的）思想、意图、价值观和身份的融合正是侨民所从事的工作，我们日益流动和（相互）联系的世界的条件需要在高等教育奖学金中对侨民进行（重新）思考. 侨民通常与后一类相关联，因此被回避。我最后提出，（通常是冲突的）思想、意图、价值观和身份的融合正是侨民所从事的工作，我们日益流动和（相互）联系的世界的条件需要在高等教育奖学金中对侨民进行（重新）思考.