An 8-week growth trial was conducted to investigate the influences of different dietary carbohydrate sources on growth performance, feed utilization, plasma biochemical parameters and expression of glucose metabolism-related genes in juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis. Five isonitrogenous (45 %) and isolipidic (8 %) experimental diets contained 17 % glucose, maltose, sucrose, pregelatinized cassava starch (α-starch) or cellulose, respectively. The results showed that α-starch significantly improved the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of P. sinensis compared to glucose, sucrose and cellulose. No significant difference existed in daily feed intake among all diets. However, turtles fed with cellulose showed a significantly higher feed conversion ratio than that in other treatments except for glucose group. Turtles fed with glucose showed significantly higher plasma glucose content than counterparts in sucrose, α-starch and cellulose treatments. While sucrose induced higher plasma cholesterol and triacylglycerol contents of turtles compared to glucose, maltose, sucrose and α-starch. The plasma insulin in α-starch group showed a higher level than that in glucose group. The glycolysis enzymes including glucokinase and pyruvate kinase in α-starch group exhibited higher mRNA levels than that in other diets, while the mRNA levels of gluconeogenesis enzymes in α-starch group were significantly lower than that in glucose group. The expressions of glycogen synthase and phosphorylase glycogen in glucose group were significantly up-regulated compared with sucrose, α-starch or cellulose groups. In summary, the poor insulin secretion and the up-regulated gluconeogenesis may account for the decreased growth in glucose diets. The most appropriate tested carbohydrate source was α-starch for juvenile P. sinensis based on its positive impacts on growth and metabolism of turtles.

进行了为期8周的生长试验，以研究不同饮食碳水化合物源对中华soft（Pelodiscus sinensis）生长性能，饲料利用率，血浆生化参数以及葡萄糖代谢相关基因表达的影响。五个等氮（45％）和等脂（8％）实验饮食分别含有17％葡萄糖，麦芽糖，蔗糖，预糊化木薯淀粉（α-淀粉）或纤维素。结果表明，α-淀粉显着提高了中华绒螯蟹的增重率和比生长率。与葡萄糖，蔗糖和纤维素相比。在所有饮食中，每日饲料摄入量均无显着差异。但是，喂饲纤维素的海龟的饲料转化率比除葡萄糖组以外的其他处理方法要高得多。饲喂葡萄糖的乌龟显示出的血浆葡萄糖含量明显高于蔗糖，α-淀粉和纤维素处理的同伴。与葡萄糖，麦芽糖，蔗糖和α-淀粉相比，蔗糖可诱导龟的血浆胆固醇和三酰甘油含量更高。α-淀粉组的血浆胰岛素水平高于葡萄糖组。α-淀粉组的糖酵解酶包括葡萄糖激酶和丙酮酸激酶的mRNA水平高于其他饮食，α-淀粉组糖异生酶的mRNA水平明显低于葡萄糖组。与蔗糖，α-淀粉或纤维素基团相比，葡萄糖基团中糖原合酶和磷酸化酶糖原的表达明显上调。总之，不良的胰岛素分泌和糖原异生的上调可能是葡萄糖饮食生长下降的原因。经测试，最合适的碳水化合物来源是青少年的α-淀粉P. sinensis对龟的生长和代谢具有积极影响。