Aims This study aimed to investigate the impact of an ultramarathon (UM) with a distance of 100 miles on heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV). Methods 28 runners (25 men and 3 women) underwent 24-hour Holter ECG monitoring 1 week before the UM, immediately after the UM and after a week of recovery. The influence of age, body mass index (BMI), HR and HRV on the run time and recovery was investigated. Results A rise in the baseline HR (18.98%) immediately after the run accompanied by a significant drop in the SD of all normal RR intervals (7.12%) 1 week after. Except for the runners’ age, BMI, HR and HRV showed no influence on the competition time. Full return of HRV to the athletes’ baseline did not occur within 1 week. There were no significant differences between finishers and non-finishers in the analysed parameters. Conclusion The present results show that a 100-mile run leads to an increase in sympathetic activity and thus to an increase in HR and a decrease in HRV. Also, HRV might be a suitable parameter to evaluate the state of recovery after a 100-mile run but does not help to quantify the status of recovery, as the damage to the tendomuscular system primarily characterises this after completing a UM. Data may be obtained from a third party and are not publicly available. All results of the study can be viewed at the Institute for Applied Training Sciences Leipzig via coauthor Dr Jan Wuestenfeld. The values are stored on the server under the respective name of the runner and can be accessed via the software 'Custo Diagnostik V.4.6' (custo med, Ottobrun, Germany).

中文翻译：

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100 英里超级马拉松对心率和心率变异性的影响

目的 本研究旨在调查距离为 100 英里的超马拉松 (UM) 对心率 (HR) 和心率变异性 (HRV) 的影响。方法 28 名跑者（男 25 名，女 3 名）在 UM 前 1 周、UM 后即刻和恢复一周后进行 24 小时动态心电图监测。研究了年龄、体重指数（BMI）、HR和HRV对跑步时间和恢复的影响。结果 跑步后基线 HR (18.98%) 立即上升，1 周后所有正常 RR 间期 (7.12%) 的 SD 显着下降。除跑者年龄外，BMI、HR、HRV对比赛时间均无影响。HRV 未在 1 周内完全恢复到运动员的基线。在分析的参数中，完成者和非完成者之间没有显着差异。结论 目前的结果表明，跑 100 英里会导致交感神经活动增加，从而导致 HR 增加和 HRV 降低。此外，HRV 可能是评估 100 英里跑后恢复状态的合适参数，但无助于量化恢复状态，因为完成 UM 后对肌腱肌肉系统的损害主要表征了这一点。数据可能从第三方获得，并且不公开。该研究的所有结果都可以通过合著者 Jan Wuestenfeld 博士在莱比锡应用培训科学研究所查看。这些值以跑步者的各自名称存储在服务器上，并且可以通过软件“Custo Diagnostik V.4.6”（custo med，Ottobrun，Germany）访问。