Objective

To provide a novel overview of the literature and to summarize the evidence for the effects of aerobic exercise (AE) on serum biomarkers neuroplasticity and brain repair in survivors of stroke.

Data Sources

We conducted a systematic review and searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL using terms related to AE, neuroplasticity, brain repair, and stroke.

Study Selection

Titles, abstracts, and selected full texts were screened by 2 independent reviewers against the following inclusion criteria: including adult survivors of stroke, completing an AE intervention working within the AE capacity, and measuring at least 1 blood biomarker outcome of interest.

Data Extraction

Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed risk of bias using Risk of Bias in Nonrandomized Studies–of Interventions and Cochrane's Risk of Bias 2 tools.

Data Synthesis

Nine studies (n=215 participants) were included, reporting on the following outcomes: brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cortisol, interleukin 6, and myeloperoxidase. A single bout of high-intensity interval training significantly increased BDNF, IGF-1, and VEGF levels, and a 40-45–minute, 24-session, continuous 8-week AE training program significantly increased BDNF levels. No significant difference in response to any other AE intervention was found in other serum biomarkers.

Conclusions

AE can significantly increase BDNF, IGF-1, and VEGF across different AE protocols in survivors of stroke. However, more research is needed to determine the optimal exercise intensity and modalities, specifically in survivors of acute and subacute stroke, and how this may relate to functional outcomes.

中文翻译：

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有氧运动对中风神经可塑性和脑修复血清生物标志物的影响：系统评价

客观的

提供新颖的文献综述并总结有氧运动 (AE) 对中风幸存者血清生物标志物神经可塑性和大脑修复影响的证据。

数据源

我们进行了系统回顾，并使用与 AE、神经可塑性、脑修复和中风相关的术语搜索了 MEDLINE、Embase 和 Cochrane CENTRAL。

研究选择

标题、摘要和选定的全文由 2 名独立审稿人根据以下纳入标准进行筛选：包括成年中风幸存者、在 AE 能力范围内完成 AE 干预工作，以及测量至少 1 种感兴趣的血液生物标志物结果。

数据提取

两名独立评审员提取数据并使用干预措施的非随机研究中的偏倚风险和 Cochrane 的偏倚风险 2 工具评估偏倚风险。

数据综合

纳入了 9 项研究（n = 215 名受试者），报告了以下结果：脑源性神经营养因子 (BDNF)、胰岛素样生长因子 1 (IGF-1)、血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)、皮质醇、白细胞介素 6和髓过氧化物酶。单次高强度间歇训练可显着提高 BDNF、IGF-1 和 VEGF 水平，而 40-45 分钟、24 节、连续 8 周的 AE 训练计划可显着提高 BDNF 水平。其他血清生物标志物对任何其他 AE 干预的反应没有发现显着差异。

结论

在不同的 AE 方案中，AE 可以显着增加中风幸存者的 BDNF、IGF-1 和 VEGF。然而，需要更多的研究来确定最佳的运动强度和方式，特别是对于急性和亚急性中风的幸存者，以及这与功能结果的关系。