In order to describe the contamination of saturated porous media, it is necessary to find an appropriate mathematical model that includes processes occurring in aquifers, such as advection, dispersion, diffusion, and various kinds of sorption. The identification of parameters of those processes is possible through laboratory column experiments, which result in records of breakthrough curves for a conservative tracer and a reactive tracer. An algorithm leading to the preliminary selection of the mathematical model that best describes transport processes of the reactive tracer in the experimental column is proposed in this article. A study published previously presented a sensitivity analysis for an arbitrarily adopted variability of the transport parameters. The analysis involved examining changes in the shape of breakthrough curves caused by the alteration of each parameter value. Specially defined indicators called descriptors were proposed to quantitatively describe the breakthrough curves. Then, formulas were proposed to determine the percentage deviations of descriptors of the breakthrough curve obtained for the reactive tracer in relation to the descriptors of the breakthrough curve of the conservative tracer. In the work described in this article, the deviations are analyzed and an algorithm is proposed that allows the preselection of the most suitable sorption model out of the five discussed simple (one-site) and six hybrid (two-site) models. The algorithm can facilitate and accelerate the interpretation of column experiments of contaminant transport in a porous medium. An example is provided to illustrate the usability of the proposed algorithm.

为了描述饱和多孔介质的污染，有必要找到一个适当的数学模型，其中包括在含水层中发生的过程，例如对流，分散，扩散和各种吸附作用。可以通过实验室柱实验确定这些过程的参数，从而记录保守示踪剂和反应性示踪剂的突破曲线。本文提出了一种算法，该算法可导致数学模型的初步选择，该算法最能描述实验性示踪剂在实验塔中的传输过程。先前发表的一项研究对运输参数的任意可变性进行了敏感性分析。分析涉及检查由每个参数值的更改引起的突破曲线形状的变化。提出了专门定义的指标，称为描述符，以定量描述突破曲线。然后，提出了用于确定反应性示踪剂获得的突破曲线的描述符相对于保守示踪剂的突破曲线的描述符的百分比偏差的公式。在本文描述的工作中，分析了偏差并提出了一种算法，该算法允许从讨论的五个简单（一个站点）模型和六个混合（两个站点）模型中预先选择最合适的吸附模型。该算法可以促进并加速对多孔介质中污染物传输的柱实验的解释。