Abstract

Pomelo peel and sugar beet in their native forms were proposed as novel biosorbents. They were investigated as 1%, 3% and 5% (w/v) loadings for dry purification of biodiesel samples synthesized from animal fat and vegetable oil using a conventional method. The effects of biosorbents were examined by determining the following biodiesel quality parameters: acid value (AV), peroxide value (PV), density, viscosity, flash point (FP), soap and free glycerol (FG) content. Dry washing was compared to the water washing technique. Biosorbents characterization was performed by FTIR and SEM analysis. The 5% loadings of both biosorbents reduced the soap content to below 36 ppm. In contrast, the soap content after water washing was 172.6 ppm in biodiesel from vegetable oil and 256 ppm in biodiesel from lard. The FG removal efficiency was in a linear correlation with the biosorbents’ loadings. The lowest FG values in biodiesel from vegetable oil (0.25 ppm) and from lard (0.23 ppm) were found upon purification with 5% pomelos peel and 5% sugar beet, respectively. Best results were achieved using 5% pomelo peel, closely followed by 3% pomelo peel. Such adsorption capacity can be explained by the porous structure and the functional groups present in pomelo peel.

摘要

柚皮和甜菜以其天然形式被提议作为新型生物吸附剂。以 1%、3% 和 5% (w/v) 的负载量对使用传统方法从动物脂肪和植物油合成的生物柴油样品进行干法纯化进行了研究。通过确定以下生物柴油质量参数来检查生物吸附剂的影响：酸值 (AV)、过氧化值 (PV)、密度、粘度、闪点 (FP)、皂和游离甘油 (FG) 含量。将干洗与水洗技术进行了比较。通过 FTIR 和 SEM 分析对生物吸附剂进行表征。两种生物吸附剂的 5% 负载量将皂含量降低到 36 ppm 以下。相比之下，水洗后的皂含量在植物油生物柴油中为 172.6 ppm，在猪油生物柴油中为 256 ppm。FG 去除效率与生物吸附剂的负载呈线性相关。分别用 5% 的柚子皮和 5% 的甜菜提纯后，发现来自植物油 (0.25 ppm) 和来自猪油 (0.23 ppm) 的生物柴油的 FG 值最低。使用 5% 柚子皮可获得最佳效果，紧随其后的是 3% 柚子皮。这种吸附能力可以通过柚皮中存在的多孔结构和官能团来解释。