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Positive interactions between an exotic invader and moss biocrusts vary across life stage and correspond with the effect of water pulses on soil nitrogen
Functional Ecology ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-13 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13831 Mandy L. Slate 1, 2 , Morgan Luce McLeod 3 , Ragan M. Callaway 1
中文翻译：
外来入侵者和苔藓生物结皮之间的正相互作用在生命阶段各不相同，并且与水脉冲对土壤氮的影响相对应
更新日期：2021-05-13
Functional Ecology ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-13 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13831 Mandy L. Slate 1, 2 , Morgan Luce McLeod 3 , Ragan M. Callaway 1
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- The size and frequency of resource pulses can affect plant interactions and increase the abundance of invasive species relative to native species. We examined resource pulses generated during the desiccation and rehydration of communities of native biological soil crust (biocrust)-forming mosses, in the context of positive associations between biocrusts and the invasive forb, Centaurea stoebe.
- We surveyed Centaurea and biocrust cover and evaluated how interactions among Centaurea, biocrusts and water pulses influenced plant biomass and soil nitrogen in a field experiment. Centaurea seedling and biocrust interactions were also compared in a greenhouse experiment to evaluate differences related to life stage.
- In field surveys, Centaurea and biocrusts were positively associated. Across water pulse treatments, biocrust biomass decreased when Centaurea was removed, indicating that Centaurea facilitated biocrusts. Biocrusts did not affect adult Centaurea in the field, but Centaurea seedling biomass was greater when grown with biocrusts in the greenhouse. Water pulses did not affect plant biomass, but interactions between Centaurea and biocrusts corresponded with variation in the effect of water pulses on soil nitrogen which were not evident when Centaurea or biocrusts were grown alone. Twenty-four hours after large water pulses were added, soil
was nine times higher in plots where biocrusts and Centaurea co-occurred compared with small water pulse plots. In these same plots, soil 
tended to be lower at the end of the experiment. - These results highlight positive interactions between an invasive exotic forb and native moss biocrust. Water pulses influenced soil nitrogen availability when both plants co-occurred, but did not affect plant biomass, suggesting that resource pulses and species interactions can interact to affect ecosystem processes.
中文翻译：
外来入侵者和苔藓生物结皮之间的正相互作用在生命阶段各不相同，并且与水脉冲对土壤氮的影响相对应
- 资源脉冲的大小和频率会影响植物相互作用并增加入侵物种相对于本地物种的丰度。我们研究了在生物结皮与入侵性外来植物Centaurea stoebe之间存在正相关关系的情况下，在原生生物土壤结皮（生物结皮）形成苔藓群落的干燥和再水化过程中产生的资源脉冲。
- 我们调查了矢车菊和biocrust盖和评估之间的互动如何矢车菊影响植物生物量和土壤氮素的田间试验，biocrusts和水脉冲。矢车菊苗和biocrust相互作用也被在温室实验，以评估有关生命阶段的差异比较。
- 在实地调查中，Centaurea和生物结壳呈正相关。跨水脉冲处理，当biocrust生物量下降矢车菊除去，表明矢车菊促进biocrusts。Biocrusts不影响成人矢车菊在外地，但矢车菊当在温室种植biocrusts苗生物量较大。水脉冲不影响植物生物量，但Centaurea和生物结皮之间的相互作用与水脉冲对土壤氮的影响的变化相对应，这在Centaurea或生物结皮单独生长时并不明显。加入大量水脉冲后 24 小时，土壤与小水脉冲地块相比，在生物结壳和Centaurea共同发生的地块中高 9 倍。在这些相同的地块中，实验结束时土壤往往较低。
- 这些结果突出了侵入性外来异物与原生苔藓生物外壳之间的积极相互作用。当两种植物共生时，水脉冲影响土壤氮的有效性，但不影响植物生物量，这表明资源脉冲和物种相互作用可以相互作用影响生态系统过程。
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