ABSTRACT

Sand and dust storms (SDS) have long been considered as a type of disastrous weather. Minimizing the severe influence of SDS on the environment and human life has been the focus of many studies. In this paper, we report the principles and characteristics of SDS while mainly focusing on the monitoring technologies of the natural disaster. Space- and ground-based monitoring are two types of technologies widely used in SDS monitoring. The space-based monitoring technologies mainly refer to the satellite remote sensing technologies, which are able to obtain large-scale accurate ground monitoring within a few days. The ground-based monitoring technologies typically perform short-range and small-scale ground monitoring within a specific area. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has been applied in SDS monitoring to solve the existing limitations in SDS monitoring by improving the accuracy and efficiency of the monitoring and prediction results. Although the applications of AI in SDS sensing and prediction are still at an early stage, AI-enabled hybrid systems are envisioned as a major developing trend for SDS monitoring in the future.

摘要

沙尘暴（SDS）长期以来一直被视为灾难性天气。最大限度地减少SDS对环境和人类生活的严重影响已成为许多研究的重点。在本文中，我们报告了SDS的原理和特点，同时主要侧重于自然灾害的监测技术。天基和地面监测是SDS监测中广泛使用的两种技术。天基监测技术主要是指卫星遥感技术，能够在几天内获得大规模的精确地面监测。地面监测技术通常在特定区域内执行短距离和小规模地面监测。最近几年，人工智能（AI）已用于SDS监视中，以通过提高监视和预测结果的准确性和效率来解决SDS监视中的现有限制。尽管AI在SDS感测和预测中的应用仍处于早期阶段，但是可以预见的是，支持AI的混合系统将成为未来SDS监视的主要发展趋势。