This research aims to deduce new simple empirical equations for applying Griffin's method for the Hydrophilic–Lipophilic Balance (HLB) to calculate the percentages of three to five emulsifiers used as an emulsifier mixture to form a stable emulsion. To achieve this aim, various types of oils, emulsifiers, and other additives (i.e. corrosion inhibitor and biocide) were used in emulsions formation for use in various purposes such as cosmetic chemistry, metalworking fluid (MWF), and emulsion polymerization fields. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) was used to measure the change of droplet size with time to assess the stability of emulsions. The emulsifiers were chosen based on their physical properties, chemical structure, and HLB value. The use of the deduced equations was restricted to the chemical structure and the HLB values of the emulsifiers used, the required HLB (RHLB) values of the oil and oil mixtures used, and the synergy in chemical structure between the hydrocarbon chain of oil(s) and the lipophilic moiety of the emulsifiers used. The results demonstrated that increasing the number of emulsifiers for a mixture of more than two emulsifiers increased the stability of the emulsion formed.

中文翻译：

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估计乳化剂混合物中三种以上乳化剂的百分比以形成稳定乳液的新修正方程

本研究旨在推导出新的简单经验方程，以应用格里芬的亲水-亲油平衡 (HLB) 方法来计算用作乳化剂混合物以形成稳定乳液的三到五种乳化剂的百分比。为了实现这一目标，各种类型的油、乳化剂和其他添加剂（即. 缓蚀剂和杀菌剂）用于乳液形成，用于各种用途，如化妆品化学、金属加工液 (MWF) 和乳液聚合领域。动态光散射 (DLS) 用于测量液滴尺寸随时间的变化，以评估乳液的稳定性。乳化剂的选择是基于它们的物理性质、化学结构和 HLB 值。推导方程的使用仅限于所用乳化剂的化学结构和 HLB 值、所用油和油混合物所需的 HLB (RHLB) 值以及油的烃链之间化学结构的协同作用。 ) 和所用乳化剂的亲脂性部分。