Background

Overuse injuries result from the cumulative process of repetitive microtrauma and overload on the musculoskeletal system, which causes tissue damage. Therefore, these injuries may have long-term negative consequences that decrease an athlete's performance.

Objective

To estimate the prevalence of overuse injuries in individual and team sports.

Methods

Searches on MEDLINE, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, and CINAHL from the first registration to February 2021 and hand-searching identified studies investigating the prevalence of overuse injuries in athletes from individual and team sports. Meta-analysis was conducted and the GRADE system summarized the overall quality of evidence. This review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42019135665).

Results

Seventeen studies were included and pooling of 24 704 participants (22 748 of individual sports and 1.956 of team sports). Data from point- and period-prevalence of overuse injuries in individual and team sports were obtained. Pooled period-prevalence of overuse injuries in individual and team sports was 42.0% (95% CI: 30.0, 55.0) and 33.0% (95% CI: 21.0, 49.0), respectively. Another four studies investigated point-prevalence. The overall quality of evidence for the period-prevalence was of moderate quality. Sensitivity analyses suggested that different joints based in individual and team sports tended to increase the estimated prevalence of overuse injuries.

Conclusion

Athletes, clinicians, sport teams, and policymakers should be aware of the high prevalence of overuse injuries in athletes, especially, in athletes from individual sports. Current moderate-quality evidence shows that future high-quality studies are likely to impact on the estimated prevalence.

中文翻译：

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个人和团队运动运动员过度使用损伤的发生率：荟萃分析和 GRADE 建议的系统评价

背景

过度使用损伤是由重复性微创伤和肌肉骨骼系统过载的累积过程引起的，这会导致组织损伤。因此，这些伤害可能会产生长期的负面影响，从而降低运动员的表现。

客观的

估计个人和团队运动中过度使用伤害的发生率。

方法

从第一次注册到 2021 年 2 月，在 MEDLINE、EMBASE、SPORTDiscus 和 CINAHL 上的搜索以及手动搜索确定了调查个人和团队运动运动员过度使用伤害流行率的研究。进行了荟萃分析，GRADE 系统总结了证据的整体质量。该评论已在 PROSPERO (CRD42019135665) 中注册。

结果

纳入了 17 项研究并汇集了 24 704 名参与者（22 748 项个人运动和 1.956 项团队运动）。获得了个人和团队运动中过度使用损伤的点和周期流行率数据。个人和团队运动中过度使用伤害的汇总期间流行率分别为 42.0%（95% CI：30.0、55.0）和 33.0%（95% CI：21.0、49.0）。另外四项研究调查了点流行率。期间流行率的总体证据质量为中等质量。敏感性分析表明，基于个人和团队运动的不同关节往往会增加过度使用损伤的估计患病率。

结论

运动员、临床医生、运动队和政策制定者应该意识到运动员过度使用损伤的高发率，尤其是单项运动的运动员。当前中等质量的证据表明，未来的高质量研究可能会影响估计的患病率。