By examining how morphology of the corpus callosum (CC) in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may affect functional communication across hemispheres, we hope to provide new insights into the structure-function relationship in the brain. We used a sample of 94 participants from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) database (55 typically-developing (TD) and 39 with ASD). The CC was segmented into five sub-regions (anterior, mid-anterior, central, mid-posterior, posterior) using FreeSurfer software, which were further examined for group differences. The total volume and specific sub-region volumes of the CC, and interhemispheric (homotopic) functional connectivity were calculated, along with the relationship between volume and connectivity. These measures were correlated with social ability assessed by the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). The central sub-region of CC was significantly smaller in ASD, although there was no group difference in total CC volume. ASD participants also showed stronger homotopic connectivity in the superior frontal gyrus. SRS scores were negatively correlated with the CC central sub-region volumes in ASD. The findings of this study add to the body of research showing morphological differences in the CC in ASD as well as connectivity differences. The absence of a significant relationship between structure and homotopic functional connectivity aligns with previous findings.

通过研究自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）中call体（CC）的形态如何影响跨半球的功能交流，我们希望提供对大脑结构与功能关系的新见解。我们使用了自闭症脑成像数据交换（ABIDE）数据库中的94名参与者的样本（55名典型开发者（TD）和39名使用ASD的参与者）。使用FreeSurfer将CC分为五个子区域（前，前中，中央，后中，后）软件，进一步检查组差异。计算了CC的总体积和特定子区域体积，以及半球（同位）功能连通性，以及体积和连通性之间的关系。这些措施与通过社交反应量表（SRS）评估的社交能力相关。尽管总CC量没有组差异，但CC的中央亚区域在ASD中明显较小。ASD参与者在上额回中还显示出更强的同位连接性。SRS分数与ASD中CC中央子区域量负相关。这项研究的发现增加了研究范围，显示了ASD中CC的形态学差异以及连通性差异。