The fatigue life of piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs) under traffic load remains unclarified despite increasing research. Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) piezoelectric ceramics are widely used in PEHs, owing to their excellent piezoelectric properties. In this study, we fabricated a PZT-5H piezoelectric transducer, showing excellent performance, loaded it 10 million times under equivalent traffic loads, and investigated its ultimate fatigue life under intermittent and persistent loading. The micromechanism of fatigue depolarization and effects of different excitation loads and frequencies on the fatigue life of PZT-5H were studied. The degradation rate was 32.37% after 10 million intermittent loads (equivalent to 3 years of road traffic load), but reached 96.6% after 81 h of persistent loading. The fatigue degradation rate increased with increasing excitation loads and frequencies. Thus, PZT-5H piezoelectric transducers can replace disposable batteries for longer service life, if watt level output power is obtained.

尽管有越来越多的研究，但在交通负荷下的压电能量收集器（PEHs）的疲劳寿命仍然不清楚。锆酸钛酸铅（PZT）压电陶瓷由于其优异的压电性能而被广泛用于PEH中。在这项研究中，我们制造了PZT-5H压电换能器，该压电换能器表现出出色的性能，在等效的交通负荷下承受了1000万次的载荷，并研究了在间歇和持续载荷下的极限疲劳寿命。研究了PZT-5H疲劳去极化的微观机理以及不同激励载荷和频率对疲劳寿命的影响。1000万次间歇载荷（相当于3年的道路交通载荷）后，降解率为32.37％，而在持续载荷81 h后，降解率为96.6％。疲劳退化率随着激励负载和频率的增加而增加。因此，如果获得瓦特级别的输出功率，PZT-5H压电换能器可以代替一次性电池，以延长使用寿命。