Glial dysfunction outraging CNS plasticity and integrity results in one of the most dangerous cancers, namely glioma, featuring little median survival period and high recurrence. The hallmark properties of proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis with the infiltrated macrophages in glioma are expected to be tightly coupled or cross-linked, but not properly related so far. The present study is aimed to find a relationship between this featured quadrangle from lower to higher grades (HG) of post-operative glioma tissues and their invading subsets. Elevated Ki67-associated proliferation in lower grades (LG) was supported with VEGF dependent angiogenic maintenance which found a decrease unlikely in HG. In contrast, MMP 2 and 9-associated invasions augmented high in HG with the dominant presence of CD204⁺ M2 polarized macrophages and a general increase in global DNMT1-associated methylation. Marked differences found in ECM invading cellular subsets of HG showing high proliferative capacity indicating rationally for recurrence, contrasting the nature of gross tumor tissue of the same grade. Thus in LG, the neoplastic lesion is more inclined to its growth while in higher grade more disposed towards tissue wreckage in support with cellular environmental milieu whereas the cellular variants and subsets of invaded cells showed different trends. Therefore, some operational dichotomy or coupling among cellular variants in glioma is active in determining its low- to high-grade transition and aggressive progression.

神经胶质功能障碍破坏了中枢神经系统的可塑性和完整性，导致最危险的癌症之一，即神经胶质瘤，其特点是中位生存期短且复发率高。胶质瘤中浸润的巨噬细胞的增殖、侵袭和血管生成的标志性特性预计是紧密耦合或交联的，但到目前为止还没有正确相关。本研究旨在寻找术后神经胶质瘤组织的这种从低到高等级 (HG) 的特征四边形与其侵袭亚群之间的关系。VEGF 依赖性血管生成维持支持低级别 (LG) 的 Ki67 相关增殖升高，这发现 HG 不太可能减少。相比之下，与 MMP 2 和 9 相关的侵袭在 HG 中增强，CD204 ^{+的主要存在}M2 极化巨噬细胞和全球 DNMT1 相关甲基化普遍增加。在 ECM 侵入 HG 细胞亚群中发现的显着差异显示出高增殖能力，这与相同级别的大体肿瘤组织的性质形成对比。因此，在 LG 中，肿瘤病变更倾向于其生长，而在更高级别更倾向于组织残骸以支持细胞环境环境，而细胞变体和侵入细胞的亚群显示出不同的趋势。因此，神经胶质瘤中细胞变异之间的一些操作二分法或耦合在确定其从低级到高级的过渡和侵袭性进展方面是积极的。