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Human cancer xenografts in immunocompromised mice provide an advanced genuine tumor model for research and drug development-A revisit of murine models for human cancers
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-12 , DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.129929
Quan-En Yang 1
Affiliation  

Molecular and cell biology studies have proven that human cancers are an enormously heterogenous disease, even if they originate from the same organ and tissue with identical morphological characteristics. Cancer cells in tumors from different individuals exhibit somewhat different characteristics on multiple levels, such as with respect to 1) their genetic polymorphism; 2) epigenetic mechanisms; 3) group gene activation/inactivation; 4) cell metabolism behavior; 5) aberrant incomplete terminal differentiation; 6) proliferative potential; and 7) hierarchical structure. These multiple parameters and their different combinations determine the biological characteristics of the cancer cells and their malignant/metastatic manifestations. With progress in medical research, numerous unique vulnerable targets of cancer cells have been identified from different tumors. Modern anti-cancer drug development focuses on target-based cancer cell inhibition and elimination have greatly improved the outcome of patients with some specific cancers. The murine model of human cancer has proven to be an essential procedure for the evaluation of drug efficacy in mammalian and a key link in transferring anti-cancer drug from laboratory to clinics. As classical murine cancer xenograft models with different human cancer cell lines display limited value for personalized precision medicine, creating a complete human xenograft cancer bank with all levels of abnormalities in mice has become desperately needed. This article is a review of the pros and cons of different human x murine cancer models and an attempt to find a more suitable model for the study and discovery of new anti-cancer drugs and different combination therapies in this small animal model.



中文翻译:

免疫功能低下小鼠中的人类癌症异种移植物为研究和药物开发提供了一种先进的真正肿瘤模型——重新审视人类癌症的小鼠模型

分子和细胞生物学研究已经证明,人类癌症是一种极其异质的疾病,即使它们起源于具有相同形态特征的相同器官和组织。来自不同个体的肿瘤中的癌细胞在多个层面上表现出略有不同的特征,例如:1)它们的遗传多态性;2) 表观遗传机制;3) 组基因激活/失活;4)细胞代谢行为;5) 异常不完全终末分化;6) 增殖潜力;7) 层次结构。这些多个参数及其不同的组合决定了癌细胞的生物学特性及其恶性/转移性表现。随着医学研究的进步,已经从不同的肿瘤中鉴定出许多独特的癌细胞易受攻击的靶点。现代抗癌药物开发侧重于基于靶点的癌细胞抑制和消除,已大大改善了某些特定癌症患者的预后。人类癌症的小鼠模型已被证明是评估哺乳动物药物疗效的重要程序,也是将抗癌药物从实验室转移到临床的关键环节。由于具有不同人类癌细胞系的经典小鼠癌症异种移植模型对个性化精准医疗的价值有限,因此迫切需要创建一个具有小鼠所有水平异常的完整人类异种移植癌症库。这篇文章是对 现代抗癌药物开发侧重于基于靶点的癌细胞抑制和消除,已大大改善了某些特定癌症患者的预后。人类癌症的小鼠模型已被证明是评估哺乳动物药物疗效的重要程序,也是将抗癌药物从实验室转移到临床的关键环节。由于具有不同人类癌细胞系的经典小鼠癌症异种移植模型对个性化精准医疗的价值有限,因此迫切需要创建一个具有小鼠所有水平异常的完整人类异种移植癌症库。这篇文章是对 现代抗癌药物开发侧重于基于靶点的癌细胞抑制和消除,已大大改善了某些特定癌症患者的预后。人类癌症的小鼠模型已被证明是评估哺乳动物药物疗效的重要程序,也是将抗癌药物从实验室转移到临床的关键环节。由于具有不同人类癌细胞系的经典小鼠癌症异种移植模型对个性化精准医疗的价值有限,因此迫切需要创建一个具有小鼠所有水平异常的完整人类异种移植癌症库。这篇文章是对 人类癌症的小鼠模型已被证明是评估哺乳动物药物疗效的重要程序,也是将抗癌药物从实验室转移到临床的关键环节。由于具有不同人类癌细胞系的经典小鼠癌症异种移植模型对个性化精准医疗的价值有限,因此迫切需要创建一个具有小鼠所有水平异常的完整人类异种移植癌症库。这篇文章是对 人类癌症小鼠模型已被证明是评估哺乳动物药物疗效的重要程序,也是将抗癌药物从实验室转移到临床的关键环节。由于具有不同人类癌细胞系的经典小鼠癌症异种移植模型对个性化精准医疗的价值有限,因此迫切需要创建一个具有小鼠所有水平异常的完整人类异种移植癌症库。这篇文章是对优点缺点不同的人类X小鼠癌症模型,并试图找到在这个小动物模型研究和新的抗癌药物和不同的联合疗法的发现更合适的模型。

更新日期:2021-05-18
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