We study soliton rain (SR) dynamics experimentally in a passively mode-locked fiber laser based on gold nanoparticles. The complex behavior of the SR, including cases where the speed of the deuterogenic solitons drift was faster than that of the condensed soliton phase (CSP), cases where the drift was slower, and even cases with deuterogenic solitons both faster and slower, have all been observed by adjusting only the cavity polarization controllers and the pump power. It is unveiled that the noise-mediated Casimir-like pulse interaction mechanism accounts for these dynamical patterns. Further, the real-time characteristics of the CSP were observed in detail utilizing the dispersion Fourier transform technique. The study showed that the intensity of the CSP spectrum was redistributed with the soliton drift, while the energy of the CSP spectrum was conserved. This study will provide a new perspective for the regimes of complex pulse dynamic behavior.

中文翻译：

---

光纤激光器中类卡西米尔相互作用诱导脉冲动力学的实时观察

我们在基于金纳米粒子的被动锁模光纤激光器中通过实验研究孤子雨 (SR) 动力学。SR 的复杂行为，包括氘核孤子漂移速度快于凝聚孤子相 (CSP) 的情况、漂移较慢的情况，甚至氘核孤子既快又慢的情况，都具有通过仅调整腔偏振控制器和泵浦功率观察到。揭示了噪声介导的类卡西米尔脉冲相互作用机制解释了这些动态模式。此外，利用色散傅立叶变换技术详细观察了CSP的实时特性。研究表明，CSP 光谱的强度随着孤子漂移而重新分布，而 CSP 光谱的能量是守恒的。这项研究将为复杂脉冲动态行为的机制提供新的视角。