The immune system must be tightly controlled to prevent potentially damaging over‐response to pathogens and must also be actively maintained in a responsive state when no immediate threat is present. These processes of control and maintenance are important for sustaining a state of immune homeostasis and are controlled by a network of cellular and molecular interactions. Here, we highlight a recent publication in Immunology (2021) where the authors have examined the effects of the thyroid and pituitary hormones, thyrotrophin and thyroxine, on immune homeostasis in humans. This work reveals homeostatic effects of these hormones on T cells and B cells and raises the possibility that the endocrine system might be manipulated to modulate the immune response.

中文翻译：

---

超越细胞因子：内分泌系统对人体免疫稳态的影响

必须严格控制免疫系统以防止对病原体的潜在破坏性过度反应，并且还必须在不存在直接威胁时积极保持在反应状态。这些控制和维持过程对于维持免疫稳态状态很重要，并由细胞和分子相互作用网络控制。在这里，我们重点介绍最近发表在《免疫学》 (2021) 上的一篇文章，其中作者研究了甲状腺和垂体激素、促甲状腺激素和甲状腺素对人类免疫稳态的影响。这项工作揭示了这些激素对 T 细胞和 B 细胞的稳态作用，并提出了内分泌系统可能被操纵以调节免疫反应的可能性。