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What is the real productivity of organic farming systems?
Outlook on Agriculture ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-12 , DOI: 10.1177/00307270211017151
David J Connor 1
Affiliation  

The impact of current calls for transformation of agriculture away from reliance on agrochemical inputs (conventional agriculture) to natural processes (organic agriculture) is gaining strength because the limited productivity of agriculture transformed in this way is unappreciated and/or ignored. Of course, it is possible to produce high yields of individual crops adequately fertilized organically or chemically, but organic fertilizers require land set aside for biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) by legumes to provide the key macronutrient nitrogen (N) on which organic production relies. The consequence is more area to produce the same amount of food and expansion of agriculture can only be done at the expense of land allocated to nature, presently in critically short supply. The current clamour to reduce animal production and eat less meat will impact negatively on the productivity of organic crops. An analysis of the productivity of organic farms reveals, using the common metric of human food energy, that equal production requires 2–3 times the land area of conventional farms. This was well established before the current post-truth era and, if not reincluded in planning, will lead to both more hunger and less land allocated to natural biodiversity and conservation. The ‘transformationists’ avoid scientific scrutiny by publishing in colourful promotional literature rather than in peer-reviewed journals. More attention is needed in the debate to bring two currently separated spheres of publication together and to include ‘land-use efficiency’, the output per unit land area, in this case human food, from an increasingly scarce resource.



中文翻译:

有机耕作系统的实际生产率是多少?

当前呼吁将农业从对农药的依赖(传统农业)转变为自然过程(有机农业)的呼声越来越强,因为以这种方式转变的有限的农业生产力未被重视和/或被忽视。当然,可以通过有机或化学方式充分施肥高产量的单季作物,但是有机肥料需要豆科植物留出土地用于生物固氮(BNF),以提供有机生产所依赖的关键常量营养素氮(N)。结果是产生更多面积的土地来生产相同数量的粮食,而农业扩张只能以分配给自然的土地为代价,而目前土地供不应求。当前减少动物产量和少吃肉的喧嚣将对有机农作物的生产率产生负面影响。对有机农场生产力的分析表明,使用人类食物能量的通用指标,同等产量需要的土地面积是传统农场的2到3倍。这在当前的后真相时代之前就已经确立,如果不包括在规划中,将导致更多的饥饿和更少的分配给自然生物多样性和自然保护的土地。“变革主义者”通过发表丰富多彩的宣传文献而不是在同行评议的期刊中发表文章来避免科学审查。辩论中需要更多关注,以将目前两个分开的出版领域放在一起,并包括“土地利用效率”,单位土地面积的产出,在这种情况下是人类粮食,

更新日期:2021-05-12
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