The dynamic performances of a polyurethane-reinforced ballast bed and an unreinforced ballast bed at an operation site were tested by using the impact excitation technique. The influences of the ballast beds with and without polyurethane reinforcement on the natural frequency were investigated, along with the vertical and longitudinal vibration transmission characteristics of the track structure. The results show the following. Compared to the ballast bed, the polyurethane ballast bed has an inhibitory effect on the rail vibration in the range of 200–400 Hz, but there is an increased rail vibration amplitude in the higher frequency range. The polyurethane-reinforced ballast bed significantly increases the amount and amplitude of the dominant vibration frequencies of the sleeper. As the frequency increases (> 90 Hz), the superstructure of the polyurethane track rapidly transfers from being flexible to rigid, and the track thus absorbs and dissipates the impact load, quickly damping the vibration in the range of 90–470 Hz. The calculation results of the displacement transmission ratio (DTR) proposed in this study also support this finding, suggesting the use of DTR to more intuitively evaluate the vibration damping effect of each component of the track. The polyurethane material reinforces the ballast bed rather than the damping vibration, thereby improving the stability of the track structure.

使用冲击激发技术测试了聚氨酯增强的压载床和非增强的压载床在操作现场的动态性能。研究了带有和不带有聚氨酯增强剂的压载床对固有频率的影响，以及轨道结构的纵向和纵向振动传递特性。结果显示如下。与压载床相比，聚氨酯压载床在200–400 Hz的范围内对钢轨振动具有抑制作用，但在较高的频率范围内，钢轨的振动幅度增加。聚氨酯增强的压载床显着增加了轨枕主导振动频率的数量和幅度。随着频率的增加（> 90 Hz），聚氨酯履带的上部结构迅速从柔性转变为刚性，因此履带吸收并消散了冲击载荷，从而迅速衰减了90–470 Hz范围内的振动。这项研究中提出的位移传递比（DTR）的计算结果也支持这一发现，表明使用DTR可以更直观地评估轨道各部分的减振效果。聚氨酯材料增强了道ast床，而不是阻尼振动，从而提高了轨道结构的稳定性。这项研究中提出的位移传递比（DTR）的计算结果也支持这一发现，表明使用DTR可以更直观地评估轨道各部分的减振效果。聚氨酯材料增强了道ast床，而不是阻尼振动，从而提高了轨道结构的稳定性。这项研究中提出的位移传递比（DTR）的计算结果也支持这一发现，表明使用DTR可以更直观地评估轨道各部分的减振效果。聚氨酯材料增强了道ast床，而不是阻尼振动，从而提高了轨道结构的稳定性。