ABSTRACT

This study aims to analyse the indicative/subjunctive mood alternation in Spanish sentences with adverbs of doubt (acaso, posiblemente, probablemente, quizá, quizás, tal vez, seguramente, a lo mejor, igual). To this end, this study statistically analysed the linguistic and social factors conditioning the mood alternation in sentences with adverbs of doubt. A total of 1278 tokens were analysed. Each datum was annotated with verb type, verb aspect, verb person, distance between the adverb and the verb, sex, age, region, and education level. To exclude confounding factors, multivariable logistic regression was conducted, and the analysis yielded significant odds ratios (ORs) for 10 items, including sex, region, education level, adverbs (posiblemente, probablemente, quizá, quizás, tal vez), aspect, and distance between the verb and the adverb. These results show that these adverbs can be divided into two groups, where posiblemente, probablemente, quizá, quizás, and tal vez are more likely to co-occur with the subjunctive than the adverbs acaso, seguramente, a lo mejor, and igual. Furthermore, this study has shown that each adverb differs in the likelihood of co-occurring with the subjunctive, and that social factors of speakers affect the mood selection. Thus, an analysis of mood alternations should include social and linguistic factors.

摘要

本研究旨在分析带有疑问副词（acaso、posiblemente、probablemente、quizá、quizás、tal vez、seguramente、a lo mejor、igual）的西班牙语句子中的指示性/虚拟语气交替。为此，本研究统计分析了语言和社会因素调节带有怀疑副词的句子中的情绪变化。总共分析了 1278 个令牌。每个数据都标注了动词类型、动词体态、动词人称、副词与动词之间的距离、性别、年龄、地区和教育水平。为了排除混杂因素，进行了多变量逻辑回归，分析得出了 10 个项目的显着优势比 (ORs)，包括性别、地区、教育水平、副词 ( posiblemente、probablete、quizá、quizás、tal vez)、方面和动词和副词之间的距离。这些结果表明，这些副词可以分为两组，其中posiblemente、probablemente、quizá、quizás和tal vez比副词acaso、seguramente、a lo mejor和igual更可能与虚拟语气同时出现。此外，这项研究表明，每个副词与虚拟语气同时出现的可能性不同，并且说话者的社会因素会影响情绪选择。因此，对情绪变化的分析应该包括社会和语言因素。