With the emergence of COVID-19 worldwide, interest in blended learning in higher education is rapidly increasing. Despite the fact that the unipolar view that satisfaction and dissatisfaction are measured separately has been emphasized in higher education, fewer efforts have been made in a blended learning context. Therefore, this study attempts to document the unipolar view of satisfaction and dissatisfaction in a blended learning context by adopting the Kano model. More specifically, the objectives of this study is to (1) conceptualize online and offline service dimensions in blended learning, (2) examine the asymmetric effect between satisfaction and dissatisfaction, and (3) apply those results to the Kano model. The following results are reported: (1) system quality and assurance are symmetric, functioning as a satisfier; and (2) information quality, responsiveness, and tangibility are asymmetric, functioning as a delighter. Theoretical and practical implications are addressed.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19 在教育中的影响：超越卡诺模型的扩展和混合学习领域的满意和不满意的单极观点

随着 COVID-19 在全球范围内的出现，高等教育中对混合学习的兴趣正在迅速增加。尽管在高等教育中强调了满意度和不满意度分开衡量的单极观点，但在混合学习环境中所做的努力较少。因此，本研究试图通过采用卡诺模型来记录混合学习环境中满意和不满意的单极观点。更具体地说，本研究的目标是 (1) 将混合学习中的在线和离线服务维度概念化，(2) 检查满意和不满意之间的不对称效应，以及 (3) 将这些结果应用于 Kano 模型。报告了以下结果： (1) 系统质量和保证是对称的，作为满足者起作用；(2) 信息质量、响应性和有形性是不对称的，起到了令人愉悦的作用。讨论了理论和实践意义。