Sports and exercise medicine (SEM) is a professional qualification for physicians responsible for the health and care of athletes, but also for the functional evaluation and exercise prescription in patients with chronic diseases. SEM clinicians are involved in health promotion, screening and illness prevention for public health purposes.1 These medical specialists provide preparticipation evaluations in sports as well as comprehensive support and counselling for all those who engage in physical activity and exercise training. Although the exact role may vary in different settings and countries, key competencies of SEM-specialists have been identified including2 3: Scientific evidence clearly shows that physical exercise is one of the most important prevention strategies and cost-effective/cost-saving medical treatment options for multiple chronic diseases.4 5 Surprisingly, abilities regarding the prescription of this exercise ‘poly-pill’ is not adequately taught in medical schools or during postgraduate specialisations. Athletes from different sports and performance levels will also seek SEM specialists for medical care. We, here, report the current state of the SEM specialisation in Europe and reflect on both our advances over the last decade and contemporary challenges. Specialisation in SEM varies largely and a formal European Union (EU)-wide recognition as well as a defined role within healthcare settings have not yet been reached in many European countries. This is illustrated by the fact that a common curriculum has not yet been implemented, even though it has been recently proposed by the …

中文翻译：

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欧洲的运动和运动医学以及过去十年的进展

运动与运动医学 (SEM) 是负责运动员健康和护理的医师的专业资格，也适用于慢性病患者的功能评估和运动处方。SEM 临床医生出于公共卫生目的参与健康促进、筛查和疾病预防。1 这些医学专家为所有从事体育活动和运动训练的人提供运动前的评估以及全面的支持和咨询。尽管确切的角色在不同的环境和国家可能有所不同，但已确定 SEM 专家的关键能力包括 2 3：科学证据清楚地表明，体育锻炼是多种慢性病最重要的预防策略和具有成本效益/节省成本的医疗选择之一。 4 5 令人惊讶的是，这种锻炼“复方丸”的处方能力并不充分在医学院或研究生专业期间任教。来自不同运动和表现水平的运动员也将寻求 SEM 专家进行医疗护理。我们在这里报告欧洲 SEM 专业化的现状，并反思我们在过去十年中的进步和当代挑战。SEM 的专业化程度差异很大，许多欧洲国家尚未达到欧盟 (EU) 范围内的正式认可以及在医疗保健环境中的明确角色。