Purpose

A detailed assessment of the environmental impacts of the building requires a substantial amount of data that is time- and effort-consuming. However, limitation of the system boundary to certain materials and components can provide misleading impact calculation. In order to calculate the error gap between detailed and simplified assessments, the purpose of this article is to present a detailed calculation of the environmental impacts of the building by including in the system boundary, the technical, and electrical equipment.

Method

To that end, the environmental impacts of a laboratory and research building situated in Graz-Austria are assessed following the EN-15978 norm. Within the system boundaries of the study, the material and components of building fabric, technical, and electronic equipment for the building lifecycle stages of production, construction, replacement, operational energy and water, and end-of-life are considered. The input data regarding the quantity of materials is collected from the design and tendering documents, invoices, and from discussion with the head of the building’s construction site. Primary energy and global warming potential indicators are calculated on the basis of a functional unit of 1 m² of energy reference area (ERA) per year, considering a reference building service life of 50 years.

Results and discussion

The primary energy indicator of the building is equal to 1698 MJ/m²_ERA/year. The embodied impacts are found to be responsible for 28% of which 6.4% is due to technical and electronic equipment. Furthermore, the embodied impacts for the global warming potential, equal to 28.3 kg CO₂e/m²_ERA/year, are responsible for 73%. Together, technical and electrical equipment are the largest responsible aspects, accounting for 38% of the total impacts. Simplified and detailed result comparisons show a gap of 29% and 7.7% for global warming and primary energy indicators. These differences were from the embodied impacts and largely from the exclusion of electrical equipment from the study’s system boundary.

Conclusions

Technical and electrical equipment present a significant contribution to the overall environmental impacts of the building. Worthy of inclusion in the system boundary of the study, the environmental impacts of technical and electrical equipment must be calculated in detail or considered with a reliable ratio in the early design phase of the project. Further research is necessary to address the detailed impact calculation of the equipment and notably the minimization of their impacts.

中文翻译：

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技术和电气设备在建筑物生命周期评估中的影响：以实验室和研究大楼为例

目的

对建筑物的环境影响进行详细评估需要大量的数据，这些数据既费时又费力。但是，将系统边界限制为某些材料和组件可能会产生误导性的影响计算。为了计算详细评估和简化评估之间的误差差距，本文的目的是通过将系统边界，技术和电气设备包括在内，对建筑物的环境影响进行详细的计算。

方法

为此，按照EN-15978规范对位于格拉茨奥地利的实验室和研究大楼的环境影响进行了评估。在研究的系统范围内，考虑了建筑面料，技术和电子设备的材料和组件，这些材料用于建筑生命周期的生产，建造，更换，运行能量和水以及寿命终止阶段。有关材料数量的输入数据是从设计和招标文件，发票以及与建筑物施工现场负责人的讨论中收集的。一次能源和全球变暖潜能指标是根据每年1 m ²的能源参考面积（ERA）的功能单位计算的，并考虑了50年的参考建筑使用寿命。

结果和讨论

建筑物的主要能源指标等于1698 MJ / m ² _ERA /年。发现体现的影响占28％，其中6.4％是由于技术和电子设备造成的。此外，对全球变暖潜力的具体影响（相当于每年28.3 kg CO ₂ e / m ² _ERA）占73％。总体而言，技术和电气设备是负责任的方面，占总影响的38％。简化和详细的结果比较显示，全球变暖和一次能源指标之间的差距为29％和7.7％。这些差异是由于具体的影响，而很大程度上是由于将电气设备排除在研究的系统边界之外。

结论

技术和电气设备为建筑物的整体环境影响做出了重大贡献。值得纳入研究范围的技术，必须在项目的早期设计阶段详细计算技术或电气设备对环境的影响，或以可靠的比率加以考虑。有必要进行进一步的研究以解决设备的详细影响计算，尤其是将其影响最小化。