A smart helmet-based wearable personnel proximity warning system was developed to prevent collisions between equipment and pedestrians in mines. The smart helmet worn by pedestrians receives signals transmitted by Bluetooth beacons attached to heavy equipment, light vehicles, or dangerous zones, and provides visual LED warnings to the pedestrians and operators simultaneously. A performance test of the proposed system was conducted in an underground limestone mine. It was confirmed that as the transmission power of the Bluetooth beacon increased, the Bluetooth low energy (BLE) signal detection distance of the system also increased. The average BLE signal detection distance was at least 10 m, regardless of the facing angle between the smart helmet and Bluetooth beacon. The subjective workload for the smartphone-, smart glasses-, and smart helmet-based proximity warning system (PWS) was evaluated using the National Aeronautics and Space Administration task load index. All six workload parameters were the lowest when using the smart helmet-based PWS. The smart helmet-based PWS can provide visual proximity warning alerts to both the equipment operator and the pedestrian, and it can be expanded to provide worker health monitoring and hazard awareness functions by adding sensors to the Arduino board.

中文翻译：

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基于智能头盔的人员近程预警系统，可提高地下矿井的安全性

开发了基于智能头盔的可穿戴人员接近警告系统，以防止设备与矿井中的行人之间发生碰撞。行人佩戴的智能头盔接收通过蓝牙信标传输的信号，该蓝牙信标连接到重型设备，轻型车辆或危险区域，并同时向行人和操作员提供可视的LED警告。该建议系统的性能测试是在地下石灰岩矿山中进行的。可以确定的是，随着蓝牙信标的传输功率的增加，系统的蓝牙低功耗（BLE）信号检测距离也增加了。不管智能头盔和蓝牙信标之间的朝向角度如何，平均BLE信号检测距离至少为10 m。智能手机，智能眼镜，使用美国国家航空航天局任务负荷指数评估了基于智能头盔的接近警告系统（PWS）。使用基于智能头盔的PWS时，所有六个工作负载参数最低。基于智能头盔的PWS可以向设备操作员和行人提供视觉接近警告警报，并且可以扩展到通过向Arduino板上添加传感器来提供工人健康监控和危害意识功能。