Although onboard dc power systems bring values for the power and propulsion system of the future hybrid ships, the main barrier for the development of such systems for large-scale vessels is the technical operational issues, such as stability and power quality and how to satisfy the related standards and regulations. In the advanced ship power systems, the conventional diode rectifiers are being replaced with active front-end (AFE) rectifiers providing the control flexibility but at a higher cost. However, to make such devices more profitable, the ship control system can be reconfigured to unlock the potentials of AFEs for the general system stability. This article is dealing with the stability issue of hybrid dc power systems proposing a predictive control approach to improve the voltage regulation and better use of converters. The proposed method replaces the conventional direct power control (DPC) of AFE rectifiers with a model predictive control (MPC) and integrates the dc–dc converters in the same control platform. In this method, optimal control commands for the rectifiers and the dc–dc converter are calculated by the predictive control to minimize the dc bus voltage fluctuations, especially under the fast load changes. The controller is then extended to regulate the load sharing between the different energy units. The effectiveness of the proposed method is evaluated in simulation with a typical shipload profile, as well as a real ship profile, which has several operating modes, such as steep load increase & decrease, high speed, and maneuvering operation. The performance of the proposed control strategy is compared with conventional controllers, and the results show that the new method can provide significant advantages in terms of fast and stable control performance, as well as the steady-state voltage regulation and enhancing the power smoothing function of the battery. Laboratory experimental data are also used for validation.

中文翻译：

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舰载混合直流电力系统的建模与预测控制。

尽管机载直流电源系统为未来的混合动力船的动力和推进系统带来了价值，但这种大型船舶系统的发展的主要障碍是技术操作问题，例如稳定性和电能质量以及如何满足要求。相关标准法规。在先进的船舶动力系统中，传统的二极管整流器已被有源前端（AFE）整流器取代，从而提供了控制灵活性，但成本更高。但是，为了使此类设备更有利可图，可以将船舶控制系统重新配置为释放AFE的潜力，以提高总体系统的稳定性。本文讨论了混合直流电源系统的稳定性问题，提出了一种预测性控制方法来改善电压调节和更好地使用转换器。所提出的方法用模型预测控制（MPC）代替了AFE整流器的常规直接功率控制（DPC），并将dc-dc转换器集成在同一控制平台中。在这种方法中，通过预测控制来计算整流器和dc-dc转换器的最佳控制命令，以最大程度地减小dc总线电压波动，特别是在快速负载变化的情况下。然后扩展控制器以调节不同能量单元之间的负载分配。在仿真中使用典型的船舶载荷曲线以及真实的船舶曲线对所提方法的有效性进行了评估，该模型具有多种操作模式，例如陡峭的载荷增加和减少，高速和操纵操作。所提出的控制策略的性能与常规控制器进行了比较，结果表明，该新方法在快速，稳定的控制性能，稳态电压调节以及增强电池的功率平滑功能方面具有明显的优势。实验室实验数据也用于验证。