This letter proposes a low-phase-noise high-efficiency power oscillator with digitally controlled output power and frequency. The transformer-based matching network resonator is implemented to balance the quality factor and matching efficiency. The active core and the transformer are jointly optimized to achieve the required output power while achieving the low phase noise and high power efficiency. Besides, the digitally controlled cross-coupled pair array is utilized to tune the output power. To verify the mechanism mentioned above, the power oscillator is fabricated using conventional 40-nm CMOS technology with an active area of 0.19 mm ² . The proposed power oscillator exhibits a 21.7% tuning range from 2.30 to 2.86 GHz. The maximum output power is 4.5 dBm with a peak system efficiency of 25.1%. Meanwhile, the measured phase noise at a 3-MHz offset is −140.36 dBc/Hz at 2.79 GHz. The corresponding figure of merit (FoM) is 189.2 dBc/Hz, and FoM _T is 196 dBc/Hz.

中文翻译：

---

具有数字控制输出功率的低噪声高效功率振荡器

这封信提出了一种具有数字控制输出功率和频率的低相位噪声高效功率振荡器。实现基于变压器的匹配网络谐振器以平衡品质因数和匹配效率。有源磁芯和变压器共同优化，以实现所需的输出功率，同时实现低相位噪声和高功率效率。此外，利用数字控制交叉耦合对阵列来调谐输出功率。为了验证上述机制，使用传统的40 nm CMOS技术制造了功率振荡器，其有源面积为0.19 mm ² 。拟议的功率振荡器在2.30至2.86 GHz的频率范围内具有21.7％的调谐范围。最大输出功率为4.5 dBm，峰值系统效率为25.1％。同时，在2.79 GHz下，在3 MHz偏移处测得的相位噪声为−140.36 dBc / Hz。相应的品质因数（FoM）为189.2 dBc / Hz，FoM _T为196 dBc / Hz。