Over the past decade, significant attention has been given to repurposing Food and Drug Administration approved drugs to treat age-related diseases. In contrast, less consideration has been given to natural bioactive compounds. Consequently, there have been limited attempts to translate these compounds. Autophagy is a fundamental biological pathway linked to aging, and numerous strategies to enhance autophagy have been shown to extend lifespan. Interestingly, there are a number of natural products that are reported to modulate autophagy, and here we describe a number of them that activate autophagy through diverse molecular and cellular mechanisms. Among these, Urolithin A, Spermidine, Resveratrol, Fatty Acids and Phospholipids, Trehalose and Lithium are featured in detail. Finally, we outline possible strategies to optimise and increase the translatability of natural products, with the overall aim of delaying the ageing process and improving human healthspan.

中文翻译：

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天然产物作为老年保护剂：自噬的观点

在过去的十年中，人们对重新利用食品和药物管理局批准的药物来治疗与年龄相关的疾病给予了极大的关注。相比之下，对天然生物活性化合物的考虑较少。因此，翻译这些化合物的尝试有限。自噬是与衰老相关的基本生物学途径，许多增强自噬的策略已被证明可以延长寿命。有趣的是，据报道有许多天然产物可以调节自噬，在这里我们描述了其中一些通过不同的分子和细胞机制激活自噬的天然产物。其中，详细介绍了尿石素 A、亚精胺、白藜芦醇、脂肪酸和磷脂、海藻糖和锂。最后，