In this work, an implicit scheme for particle-in-cell/Fourier electromagnetic simulations is developed and applied to studies of Alfvén waves in one dimension and three dimensional tokamak plasmas. An analytical treatment is introduced to achieve efficient convergence of the iterative solution of the implicit field-particle system. First, its application to the one-dimensional uniform plasma demonstrates its applicability in a broad range of $\beta /m_e$ values. Second, toroidicity induced Alfvén eigenmodes (TAE) are simulated in a three dimensional axisymmetric tokamak plasma, using the widely studied case defined by the International Tokamak Physics Activity (ITPA) Energetic Particle (EP) Topical Group. The real frequency and the growth (or damping) rate of the TAE with (or without) EPs agree with previous results reasonably well. The full f electromagnetic particle scheme established in this work provides a possible natural choice for EP transport studies where large profile variation and arbitrary particle distribution functions need to be treated in kinetic simulations.

在这项工作中，开发了一种用于单元/傅里叶粒子电磁模拟的隐式方案，并将其应用于一维和三维托卡马克等离子体中的Alfvén波研究。引入分析处理以实现隐式场粒子系统迭代解的有效收敛。首先，它在一维均匀等离子体中的应用证明了其在宽范围的应用中的适用性。$\beta /{米}_{Ë}$价值观。其次，使用国际托卡马克物理活动（ITPA）高能粒子（EP）主题小组定义的广泛研究的案例，在三维轴对称托卡马克等离子体中模拟了环向诱导的Alfvén本征模式（TAE）。带有（或不带有）EP的TAE的实际频率和增长率（或阻尼）与先前的结果相当吻合。全˚F成立于这项工作电磁粒子方案为EP传输方面的研究，其中大轮廓的变化和任意粒子分布函数需要动态模拟要处理的可能自然的选择。