In this study, the mechanical properties of polypropylene (PP)-based nanocomposites reinforced with graphene nanosheets, kenaf fiber, and polypropylene-grafted maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA) were investigated. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on Box–Behnken design (BBD) was used as the experimental design. The blends fabricated in three levels of parameters include 0, 0.75, and 1.5 wt% graphene nanosheets, 0, 7.5, and 15 wt% kenaf fiber, and 0, 3, and 6 wt% PP-g-MA, prepared by an internal mixer and a hot press machine. The fiber length was 5 mm and was being constant for all samples. Tensile, flexural, and impact tests were conducted to determine the blend properties. The purpose of this research is to achieve the highest mechanical properties of the considered nanocomposite blend. The addition of graphene nanosheets to 1 wt% increased the tensile, flexural, and impact strengths by 16%, 24%, and 19%, respectively, and an addition up to 1.5 wt% reduced them. With further addition of graphene nanosheets until 1.5 wt%, the elastic modulus was increased by 70%. Adding the kenaf fiber up to 15 wt% increased the elastic modulus, tensile, flexural, and impact strength by 24%, 84%, 18%, and 11%, respectively. The addition of PP-g-MA has increased the adhesion, dispersion and compatibility of graphene nanosheets and kenaf fibers with matrix. With 6 wt% PP-g-MA, the tensile strength and elastic modulus were increased by 18% and 75%, respectively. The addition of PP-g-MA to 5 wt% increased the flexural and impact strengths by 10% and 5%, respectively. From the entire experimental data, the optimum values for elastic modulus, as well as, tensile, flexural, and impact strengths in the blends were obtained to be 4 GPa, 33.7896 MPa, 57.6306 MPa, and 100.1421 J/m, respectively. Finally, samples were studied by FE-SEM to check the dispersion of graphene nanosheets, PP-g-MA and kenaf fibers in the polymeric matrix.

在这项研究中，研究了由石墨烯纳米片，洋麻纤维和聚丙烯接枝的马来酸酐（PP-g-MA）增强的聚丙烯（PP）基纳米复合材料的机械性能。基于Box–Behnken设计（BBD）的响应面方法（RSM）被用作实验设计。以三种水平的参数制造的共混物包括：0、0.75和1.5 wt％的石墨烯纳米片，0、7.5和15 wt％的洋麻纤维，以及0、3和6 wt％的PP-g-MA，它们是通过内部搅拌机和热压机。纤维长度为5mm，并且对于所有样品而言是恒定的。进行拉伸，挠曲和冲击测试以确定共混物性能。这项研究的目的是实现所考虑的纳米复合材料共混物的最高机械性能。石墨烯纳米片的添加量为1 wt％时，拉伸强度，弯曲强度和冲击强度分别提高了16％，24％和19％，添加量最高为1.5 wt％时，它们的拉伸强度，弯曲强度和冲击强度均降低了。随着石墨烯纳米片的进一步添加直至1.5重量％，弹性模量增加了70％。添加最多15 wt％的洋麻纤维可使弹性模量，拉伸强度，弯曲强度和冲击强度分别增加24％，84％，18％和11％。PP-g-MA的添加提高了石墨烯纳米片和洋麻纤维与基质的粘合性，分散性和相容性。使用6 wt％的PP-g-MA，抗张强度和弹性模量分别提高了18％和75％。PP-g-MA的添加量为5 wt％时，弯曲强度和冲击强度分别提高了10％和5％。从整个实验数据中，弹性模量的最佳值 共混物中的抗张强度，弯曲强度和冲击强度分别为4 GPa，33.7896 MPa，57.6306 MPa和100.1421 J / m。最后，通过FE-SEM研究样品，以检查石墨烯纳米片，PP-g-MA和洋麻纤维在聚合物基质中的分散性。