ABSTRACT

Identity can be understood as the process in which people feel at home inside a class, which is defined by symbolic borders that distinguish some people from others. There are a number of sources of identity, but most relate to belonging to a group. Identities are often based on opposition against different values and life visions: anticommunists vs. antifascists, pro-life vs. abortion, traditional family vs. homo-affective relationships, etc. Moreover, there are identities based on the dimensions of race, gender, class, and religion that often oppose other people. In any of these cases, there are individuals that share a common condition and are, thus, similar and identify with one another and with the group. Political and ethical evolution, globalisation, and technology have enhanced individual freedom to a point that makes it possible for some ascribed identities to be denied in favour of others. Although the consideration of groups of people might eventually enhance the freedom of individuals, identity is also a source of violence. The ultimate individual freedom seems to be the freedom to understand ourselves as unique individuals who might think, feel, and act differently than the group to which we otherwise belong.

摘要

身份可以理解为人们在一个班级中感到宾至如归的过程，这是由区分某些人与其他人的符号边界定义的。身份的来源有很多，但大多数都与属于一个群体有关。身份往往基于对不同价值观和生活愿景的反对：反共与反法西斯，反堕胎与堕胎，传统家庭与同性情感关系等。此外，还有基于种族、性别、阶级，和经常反对他人的宗教。在任何这些情况下，都有一些人有共同的条件，因此彼此相似，并且与群体认同。政治和伦理演变、全球化、技术和技术已经将个人自由提高到了一个程度，使得某些归属的身份可能被否认而有利于其他身份。尽管对人群的考虑最终可能会增强个人的自由，但身份也是暴力的来源。最终的个人自由似乎是将自己理解为独特的个体的自由，这些个体的思考、感受和行为可能与我们原本所属的群体不同。