Introduction

Access to a valid driver licence for most Australians can be essential for employment. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples however are under-represented as driver licence holders. As such driver licensing programs have been established across Australian States and Territories to support them to obtain a driver licence. The aim of this review is to identify these driver licensing programs and examine the effectiveness and impact on licensing and employment rates for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.

Methods

Two independent searches were performed. The first, a scoping review of the literature to identify and describe driver licensing programs throughout Australia. The second, a systematic review of electronic databases and relevant grey literature to examine the effectiveness and impact of driver licensing programs on licensing and employment rates. Two independent authors assessed publications for eligibility.

Results

The scoping review identified 42 driver licensing programs across all Australian States and Territories between the years 2000–2019. Considerable variations exist between program services and characteristics. The systematic review included eight publications that evaluated four driver licensing programs. Findings suggested end-to-end culturally appropriate driver licensing programs are effective in improving licensing rates. No program evaluated the impact of licence attainment on employment rates although two publication commented on a correlation.

Conclusion

Driver licensing programs are effective in increasing licensing rates amongst Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander program clients, but despite the significant number of licensing programs operating, few are reporting program outcomes and even fewer have been evaluated. There is considerable variation between program designs, support provision, service delivery and limited consistency amongst evaluation frameworks used. A standardised approach to evaluating driver licensing programs should be adopted that incorporates a nationally agreed framework that include Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander culture and employment outcomes.

中文翻译：

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驾驶员执照计划对澳大利亚原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民的执照和就业率的有效性和影响：系统回顾

介绍

对于大多数澳大利亚人而言，获得有效的驾驶执照对于就业至关重要。但是，原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民的驾驶证持有人人数不足。因此，已经在澳大利亚各州和地区建立了驾驶员执照计划，以支持他们获得驾驶员执照。这次审查的目的是确定这些驾驶执照计划，并检查原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民的执照有效性和对执照和就业率的影响。

方法

进行了两次独立搜索。首先，对文献进行范围界定的回顾，以识别和描述整个澳大利亚的驾驶执照计划。第二，对电子数据库和相关的灰色文献进行系统的审查，以检查驾驶执照计划对驾驶执照和就业率的有效性和影响。两名独立作者评估了出版物的资格。

结果

范围审查确定了2000-2019年之间，澳大利亚所有州和领地的42个驾驶执照计划。方案服务和特征之间存在相当大的差异。系统评价包括八本出版物，评估了四个驾驶执照计划。研究结果表明，端到端在文化上适当的驾驶员驾驶执照计划可以有效提高驾驶执照率。尽管有两个出版物对相关性进行了评论，但没有任何计划评估许可证获得率对就业率的影响。

结论

驾驶执照计划有效地提高了原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民计划客户的执照率，但是尽管正在实施大量的执照计划，但很少有报告计划结果的，对评估的结果甚至更少。方案设计，支持提供，服务交付以及所使用的评估框架之间有限的一致性之间存在很大差异。应该采用一种标准化的方法来评估驾驶执照计划，该方法应纳入国家认可的框架，其中包括原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民的文化和就业成果。