To explore the mechanical behaviors and energy evolution characteristics of rock materials with hole defects, eight types of red sandstone specimens with different hole numbers and arrangements were subjected to a series of single-cycle loading-unloading uniaxial compression tests. The experimental result revealed that the mechanical behaviors and energy evolution characteristics of the red sandstone specimens are significantly influenced by hole defects. As the number of boreholes increases, the compressive strength of rock specimens decreases. When the angle between drilling hole arrangement and loading direction changes from 0° to 27° and then to 90°, the compressive strength first decreases and then increases, and shear-splitting, splitting, and shear failure modes appear respectively. The experimental results also show that the energy evolution characteristics (linear energy storage and dissipation laws) of the rock specimens with hole defects were basically consistent with that of intact rock specimens, while the energy storage coefficient is different in various cases. There was a good correspondence between the compressive strength and energy storage coefficient. The larger the energy storage coefficient is, the greater the compressive strength. The hole arrangement angle shows a stronger effect on energy storage coefficient and compressive strength than the number of holes. Among all the arrangements, the rock specimens containing three holes with an angle of 27° between borehole arrangement and loading direction have the lowest energy storage coefficient and compression strength. The above research results provide a scientific basis for rock fracturing induced by drilling.

为了探索具有孔缺陷的岩石材料的力学行为和能量演化特征，对具有不同孔数和排列的八种类型的红砂岩样品进行了一系列单周期装卸单轴压缩试验。实验结果表明，红砂岩标本的力学行为和能量演化特征受孔缺陷的影响很大。随着钻孔数量的增加，岩石样品的抗压强度会降低。当钻孔布置与载荷方向之间的角度从0°变为27°，然后变为90°时，抗压强度先减小然后增大，并且分别出现剪切分裂，分裂和剪切破坏模式。实验结果还表明，带孔缺陷的岩石样品的能量演化特征（线性能量存储和耗散规律）与完整岩石样品的能量演化特征基本一致，而储能系数在各种情况下是不同的。抗压强度与储能系数之间具有良好的对应关系。能量存储系数越大，抗压强度越大。孔的排列角度对能量存储系数和抗压强度的影响大于孔的数量。在所有布置中，包含三个孔的岩样在钻孔布置和加载方向之间的夹角为27°，具有最低的储能系数和抗压强度。