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Urban planning and the market of development rights in Italy: learning from Milan
City, Territory and Architecture Pub Date : 2021-05-11 , DOI: 10.1186/s40410-021-00133-2
Sergio Serra

In recent years, the influence of neoliberal principles has led to an experimental application of new market-oriented approaches in the field of urban studies, in order to achieve different objectives of public interest, from the compensation of land use restrictions to the acquisition of areas for public services. Also in Italy, the use of equalization and non-financial compensation mechanisms has been influenced by internationally consolidated models, such as the Transfer of Development Rights programs (TDR). The key issue concerns the legal autonomy of development rights from land ownership, allowing their trade in the municipal market and thus, in theory, balancing private and public benefits. The scientific debate focuses on the several opportunities, in terms of planning effectiveness and flexibility, but also envisages the risk to generate unfairness, deregulation and other speculations. The paper aims to assess the positive and negative impacts of a generalized use of TDR in the urban governance and in the real estate market, adopting a case study research method. The experience of Milan has been investigated, analyzing the municipal registry of development rights. The results highlight strengths and weaknesses of the market of development rights application, in particular the risk of encouraging real estate speculation, in the same way as financial markets. Conclusions suggest the need of a more effective integration of market-based tools in the planning and regulatory framework, avoiding that their uncontrolled use could weaken the role of public authority in the local government.

中文翻译:

意大利的城市规划和发展权市场:向米兰学习

近年来,新自由主义原则的影响已导致在城市研究领域尝试以市场为导向的新方法,以实现从补偿土地使用限制到获得土地等公共利益的不同目标。用于公共服务。同样在意大利,均等化和非财务补偿机制的使用也受到了国际合并模型的影响,例如发展权转让计划(TDR)。关键问题涉及土地所有权的发展权在法律上的自主权,从而允许其在市政市场上交易,从而在理论上平衡私人利益和公共利益。科学辩论围绕计划的有效性和灵活性方面的几个机会,而且还设想了产生不公平,放松管制和其他推测的风险。本文旨在采用案例研究方法,评估在城市治理和房地产市场中普遍使用TDR的正面和负面影响。对米兰的经验进行了调查,分析了市政发展权登记处。结果表明,与金融市场一样,发展权申请市场的优缺点,特别是鼓励房地产投机的风险。结论表明,有必要在规划和监管框架中更有效地整合基于市场的工具,避免其不受控制的使用会削弱公共权力机构在地方政府中的作用。本文旨在采用案例研究方法,评估在城市治理和房地产市场中普遍使用TDR的正面和负面影响。对米兰的经验进行了调查,分析了市政发展权登记处。结果表明,与金融市场一样,发展权申请市场的优缺点,特别是鼓励房地产投机的风险。结论表明,有必要在规划和监管框架中更有效地整合基于市场的工具,避免其不受控制的使用会削弱公共权力机构在地方政府中的作用。本文旨在采用案例研究方法,评估在城市治理和房地产市场中普遍使用TDR的正面和负面影响。对米兰的经验进行了调查,分析了市政发展权登记处。结果表明,与金融市场一样,发展权申请市场的优缺点,特别是鼓励房地产投机的风险。结论表明,有必要在规划和监管框架中更有效地整合基于市场的工具,避免其不受控制的使用会削弱公共权力机构在地方政府中的作用。采用案例研究的方法。对米兰的经验进行了调查,分析了市政发展权登记处。结果表明,与金融市场一样,发展权申请市场的优缺点,特别是鼓励房地产投机的风险。结论表明,有必要在规划和监管框架中更有效地整合基于市场的工具,避免其不受控制的使用会削弱公共权力机构在地方政府中的作用。采用案例研究的方法。对米兰的经验进行了调查,分析了市政发展权登记处。结果表明,与金融市场一样,发展权申请市场的优缺点,特别是鼓励房地产投机的风险。结论表明,有必要在规划和监管框架中更有效地整合基于市场的工具,避免其不受控制的使用会削弱公共权力机构在地方政府中的作用。与金融市场一样。结论表明,有必要在规划和监管框架中更有效地整合基于市场的工具,避免其不受控制的使用会削弱公共权力机构在地方政府中的作用。与金融市场一样。结论表明,有必要在规划和监管框架中更有效地整合基于市场的工具,避免其不受控制的使用会削弱公共权力机构在地方政府中的作用。
更新日期:2021-05-11
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