Food intake is tightly controlled by homeostatic signals sensitive to metabolic need for the regulation of body weight. This review focuses on the peripherally-secreted gastrointestinal peptides (i.e., ghrelin, cholecystokinin, glucagon-like peptide 1, and peptide tyrosine tyrosine) that contribute to the control of appetite and discusses how these peptides or the signals arising from their release are disrupted in eating-related disorders across the weight spectrum, namely anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and obesity, and whether they are normalized following weight restoration or weight loss treatment. Further, the role of gut peptides in the pathogenesis and treatment response in human weight conditions as identified by rodent models are discussed. Lastly, we review the incretin- and hormone-based pharmacotherapies available for the treatment of obesity and eating-related disorders.

食物摄入量受到对体重调节代谢需求敏感的稳态信号的严格控制。本综述重点关注有助于控制食欲的外周分泌胃肠肽（即生长素释放肽、胆囊收缩素、胰高血糖素样肽 1 和肽酪氨酸酪氨酸），并讨论了这些肽或它们释放产生的信号如何在饮食中受到干扰。整个体重范围内与饮食相关的疾病，即神经性厌食症、神经性贪食症和肥胖症，以及它们是否在体重恢复或减肥治疗后恢复正常。此外，还讨论了啮齿动物模型确定的肠道肽在人类体重条件下的发病机制和治疗反应中的作用。最后，我们回顾了可用于治疗肥胖和饮食相关疾病的基于肠促胰岛素和激素的药物疗法。