Class A shot-noise limited operation is achieved in an electrically pumped vertical external cavity surface emitting laser (VECSEL), opening the way for integration of such peculiar noiseless laser oscillation in applications where low power consumption and footprint are mandatory. The quantum well active medium is grown on an InP substrate to enable laser oscillation at telecom wavelengths. Single frequency class A operation is obtained by proper optimization of the cavity dimensions, ensuring at the same time a sufficiently long and high-finesse cavity without any intracavity filtering components. The laser design constraints due to electrical pumping are discussed as compared to optical pumping. The intensity noise spectrum of this laser is shown to be shot-noise limited, leading to a relative intensity noise of $-160\;{\rm dB/Hz}$ for 3.1 mA detected photocurrent.

中文翻译：

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电信波长的电泵散粒噪声受限的A类VECSEL

在电泵浦垂直外腔表面发射激光器（VECSEL）中实现了A级散粒噪声限制操作，这在要求低功耗和占用空间的应用中为集成这种特殊的无噪声激光振荡开辟了道路。量子阱活性介质生长在InP衬底上，以实现电信波长的激光振荡。通过适当地优化腔体尺寸，可以获得单频A类操作，同时确保足够长且高精细的腔体，而没有任何腔内滤波组件。与光泵浦相比，讨论了由于电泵浦引起的激光器设计约束。该激光器的强度噪声频谱显示受散粒噪声限制，导致相对强度噪声为$ -160 \; {\ rm dB / Hz} $适用于检测到的3.1 mA光电流。