Lagoa do Quari (São Raimundo Nonato, Piauí): Palaeoenvironment and wetland archaeology in Northeastern Brazil,Geoarchaeology

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Lagoa do Quari (São Raimundo Nonato, Piauí): Palaeoenvironment and wetland archaeology in Northeastern Brazil
Geoarchaeology ( IF 1.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-11 , DOI: 10.1002/gea.21855
Fabio Parenti _{1,

2,

3} , Giulia Aimola ₂ , Federica Candelato ₂ , Sérgio Chaves ₄ , Martine Faure _{3,

5} , Sonia Ferrari ₂ , Claude Guérin ₆ , Davide Mengoli ₇ , Luca Natali ₂ , Vittorio Rioda ₂ , Giancarlo Scardia ₈ , Andrea M. F. Valli _{2,

9}

Affiliation

Northeastern Brazil has thousands of wetland fossiliferous deposits with megafauna and, in some cases, associated lithic artifacts. The timing of the arrival of humans in South America and the extinction of megafauna is still debated and these sites contribute both to this discussion and to the reconstruction of the Late Pleistocene and Holocene paleoenvironment. Lagoa do Quari, 40 km south of São Raimundo Nonato, Piauí state, is a marsh deposit in the present semiarid caatinga environment, excavated by an interdisciplinary team in 2002–2003. This paper presents the archaeological, palaeontological, geological, chronological, stratigraphical and palynological results and their implications for the Quaternary of northeastern Brazil. The site has a rich megafaunal bonebed at the bottom, dominated by Eremotherium giant sloth remains with poor biodiversity, and a sandy-silty deposit at the top; two ¹⁴C dates constrain this latter layer to 9,944–9,557 and 6,308–6,177 cal. years BP and the associated rich lithic industry of quartz and chert shows a technical continuity throughout the Holocene in the region. Palynology describes an open landscape with periodic wet phases, which could explain the richness of the archaeological occurrences in Holocenic Brazilian prehistory. This study offers a model of interdisciplinary enquiry into the paleoenvironment and prehistory of lowland South America.

中文翻译：

Lagoa do Quari (São Raimundo Nonato, Piauí)：巴西东北部的古环境和湿地考古学

巴西东北部拥有数以千计的湿地化石沉积物，其中包含巨型动物群，在某些情况下，还有相关的石器文物。人类到达南美洲的时间和巨型动物群的灭绝仍然存在争议，这些遗址有助于这一讨论以及晚更新世和全新世古环境的重建。Lagoa do Quari 位于皮奥伊州 São Raimundo Nonato 以南 40 公里处，是目前半干旱卡廷加环境中的沼泽矿床，由跨学科团队于 2002-2003 年挖掘。本文介绍了考古学、古生物学、地质学、年代学、地层学和孢粉学的结果及其对巴西东北部第四纪的影响。该遗址底部有丰富的巨型动物骨床，主要由Eremotherium巨树懒的生物多样性很差，顶部有沙质粉砂沉积物；两个¹⁴ C 日期将后一层限制为 9,944–9,557 和 6,308–6,177 cal。年 BP 和相关的丰富的石英和燧石工业显示了该地区整个全新世的技术连续性。孢粉学描述了具有周期性湿润阶段的开放景观，这可以解释全新巴西史前史考古事件的丰富性。这项研究为南美洲低地古环境和史前史提供了一个跨学科调查模型。

更新日期：2021-05-11

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