Upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) has been increasing in incidence due to the escalating use of central venous catheters such as peripherally inserted central catheters. UEDVT can be primary idiopathic or secondary to pacemaker leads, intravascular catheters or cancer. In comparison to conventional venous thromboembolism such as lower limb deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism the risk factors, investigations, and management are not well defined. We review current evidence in primary and secondary UEDVT, highlighting areas in need of further research. We also explore the entity of venous thoracic outlet syndrome, which is said to be a risk factor for recurrent primary UEDVT and is the rationale behind surgical interventions.

由于中心静脉导管（例如外周插入的中心导管）的使用不断增加，上肢深静脉血栓形成 (UEDVT) 的发病率一直在增加。UEDVT 可以是原发性特发性或继发于起搏器导联、血管内导管或癌症。与下肢深静脉血栓形成或肺栓塞等常规静脉血栓栓塞相比，风险因素、调查和管理尚不明确。我们回顾了原发性和继发性 UEDVT 的当前证据，强调了需要进一步研究的领域。我们还探讨了胸静脉出口综合征的实体，据说这是复发性原发性 UEDVT 的危险因素，也是手术干预的基本原理。