This study aimed to identify the functional brain networks underlying the distinctions between automatic and controlled handwriting in Chinese. Network-based analysis was applied to functional magnetic resonance imaging data collected while adult participants performed a copying task under automatic and speed-controlled conditions. We found significant differences between automatic and speed-controlled handwriting in functional connectivity within and between the frontoparietal network, default mode network, dorsal attention network, somatomotor network and visual network; these differences reflect the variations in general attentional control and task-relevant visuomotor operations. However, no differences in brain activation were detected between the two handwriting conditions, suggesting that the reorganization of functional networks, rather than the modulation of local brain activation, underlies the dissociations between automatic and controlled handwriting in Chinese. Our findings illustrate the brain basis of handwriting automaticity, shedding new light on how handwriting automaticity may be disrupted in individuals with neurological disorders.

本研究旨在确定中文自动和控制手写之间区别背后的功能性大脑网络。当成年参与者在自动和速度控制的条件下执行复制任务时，将基于网络的分析应用于收集的功能磁共振成像数据。我们发现自动和速度控制的笔迹在额顶网络、默认模式网络、背侧注意力网络、躯体运动网络和视觉网络内部和之间的功能连接方面存在显着差异；这些差异反映了一般注意力控制和与任务相关的视觉运动操作的变化。然而，在两种手写条件之间没有检测到大脑激活的差异，这表明功能网络的重组，而不是局部大脑激活的调制，是中文自动和控制手写之间分离的基础。我们的研究结果说明了手写自动性的大脑基础，为神经系统疾病患者的手写自动性如何被破坏提供了新的思路。