Calyptocarpus vialis (syn. Synedrella vialis; Asteraceae), a native of the tropical Americas, has acquired an invasive status in the eastern Asia and Africa and, of late, in India. It is an annual herbaceous weed that forms a dominant ground cover due to its prostrate expansion and interferes with the growth of other plant species. However, the reasons for this interference are largely unknown. Therefore, we examined the allelopathic interference of C. vialis via leachation and residue degradation on the emergence, growth, and development of three crop species (Brassica nigra, Triticum aestivum, and Avena sativa). In a laboratory bioassay, the leachates (0.5–4%) of C. vialis exhibited a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on various growth parameters of the test plants. Similarly, under screenhouse, C. vialis-amended soil (1–4%) affected the growth of test species in a dose-dependent manner. Further, the phytotoxicity of the residues of C. vialis was examined using rhizospheric soil (RS) and residue-amended soil (RAS). It was observed that RAS exerted the maximum allelopathic effect on the test species accompanied by significant changes in pH, electrical conductivity, and total water-soluble phenolic content, as compared with the control soil (CS) and RS. Liquid chromatography and mass spectroscopy analyses confirmed the presence of eleven allelochemicals as the major phytotoxins. The study demonstrated that C. vialis exerts strong phytotoxic effects on other plants through the release of potent allelochemicals, both via leachation and residue degradation.

Calyptocarpus vialis（Synedrella vialis ; Asteraceae），美洲热带人，已在东亚和非洲以及最近在印度获得了入侵地位。它是一年生的草类杂草，由于其pro壮扩张而形成主要的地被植物，并干扰了其他植物的生长。但是，这种干扰的原因在很大程度上是未知的。因此，我们检查了C的化感干扰。vialis通过leachation和上出现，生长残留降解，和三种作物品种的开发（黑芥，小麦和燕麦）。在实验室生物测定中，渗滤液（0.5–4％）为Ç。小瓶对测试植物的各种生长参数表现出剂量依赖性的抑制作用。同样，在屏蔽室C下。vialis -amended土壤（1-4％）的影响试验物种的以剂量依赖的方式生长。此外，C。的残基的植物毒性。小瓶用根际土壤（RS）和残渣改良土壤（RAS）进行了检测。观察到，与对照土壤（CS）和RS相比，RAS对测试物种具有最大的化感作用，并伴随着pH，电导率和总水溶性酚含量的显着变化。液相色谱和质谱分析证实了十一种化感物质是主要的植物毒素。研究表明，C。vialis上施加其他植物通过有力的感物质的释放都经由leachation和残余物降解强植物毒性作用。