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The thermodynamic stability, potential toxicity, and speciation of metals and metalloids in Tehran runoff, Iran
Environmental Geochemistry and Health ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-10 , DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-00966-3
Ghazal Ebraheim 1 , Abdolreza Karbassi 1 , Naser Mehrdadi 1
Affiliation  

Surface runoff is the most significant source of water in dry cities like Tehran. The surface runoff is polluted by heavy metals, which their risk level is a function of their speciation. Herein, Tehran runoff quality and the speciation of metals and metalloids were investigated. The results of quality showed that oxidation–reduction potential (Eh) and pH ranged from + 186 to + 230 mV and from 7.31 to 10.29, respectively. Cluster analysis indicated that Cr, Si, Mn, Fe, Pb, Se, Th, Ba, Ni, Li, and Sr had similar behaviors and origins, and salinity played an active role in restricting their concentrations. Eh and dissolved oxygen (DO) negatively affected the concentrations of all the studied elements. The speciation model (according to HSC Chemistry program) exhibited that all the studied elements are stable; however, in two cases, they would become unstable (pH < 7, Eh < − 480 mV or Eh > 1100 mV) and (pH > 10, Eh < − 570 mV or Eh > 970 mV). Also, Ba, Cd, Li, Mn, Al, As, Sr, Cr, Si, and Se are present in bioavailable species and As and Cd in the runoff exist in high toxic oxidation states of + 3 and + 2, respectively. The linear regression of Cu, Co, Cd, Zn, and As with Eh provided a good fit, and all of these metals were significant at levels 1 and 5%. Finally, it is recommended to continuously monitor the Eh–pH changes for investigating the potential toxicity of metals and predicting the metal pollution by regression equations in any other stations.



中文翻译:

伊朗德黑兰径流中金属和准金属的热力学稳定性、潜在毒性和形态

地表径流是德黑兰等干旱城市最重要的水源。地表径流被重金属污染,其风险水平是其物种形成的函数。在此,研究了德黑兰径流质量以及金属和准金属的形态。质量结果表明,氧化还原电位 (Eh) 和 pH 值范围分别为 + 186 至 + 230 mV 和 7.31 至 10.29。聚类分析表明,Cr、Si、Mn、Fe、Pb、Se、Th、Ba、Ni、Li 和 Sr 具有相似的行为和起源,盐度对它们的浓度起到了积极的限制作用。Eh 和溶解氧 (DO) 对所有研究元素的浓度产生负面影响。物种形成模型(根据HSC化学程序)表明所有研究的元素都是稳定的;然而,在两种情况下,它们会变得不稳定(pH < 7,Eh < − 480 mV 或 Eh > 1100 mV)和(pH > 10,Eh < − 570 mV 或 Eh > 970 mV)。此外,Ba、Cd、Li、Mn、Al、As、Sr、Cr、Si 和 Se 存在于生物可利用物质中,而径流中的 As 和 Cd 分别以 +3 和 +2 的高毒性氧化态存在。Cu、Co、Cd、Zn 和 As 与 Eh 的线性回归提供了良好的拟合,所有这些金属在 1% 和 5% 的水平上都很显着。最后,建议持续监测 Eh-pH 变化,以调查金属的潜在毒性并通过任何其他站点的回归方程预测金属污染。和 Se 存在于生物可利用物质中,而径流中的 As 和 Cd 分别以 +3 和 +2 的高毒性氧化态存在。Cu、Co、Cd、Zn 和 As 与 Eh 的线性回归提供了良好的拟合,所有这些金属在 1% 和 5% 的水平上都很显着。最后,建议持续监测 Eh-pH 变化,以调查金属的潜在毒性并通过任何其他站点的回归方程预测金属污染。和 Se 存在于生物可利用物质中,而径流中的 As 和 Cd 分别以 +3 和 +2 的高毒性氧化态存在。Cu、Co、Cd、Zn 和 As 与 Eh 的线性回归提供了良好的拟合,所有这些金属在 1% 和 5% 的水平上都很显着。最后,建议持续监测 Eh-pH 变化,以调查金属的潜在毒性并通过任何其他站点的回归方程预测金属污染。

更新日期:2021-05-11
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