Purpose

This work aims to characterize the risks companies deal with in the context of a pandemic, and to ascertain which risk type is most present in Portuguese organizations. It is also intended to verify whether there are differences in the various risk types between companies that had or did not have a plan or strategy to act in a pandemic, such as the one caused by COVID-19.

Design/methodology/approach

A quantitative methodology was used, based on the application of a questionnaire survey targeting the Portuguese companies. The sample is composed of 1,647 Portuguese companies, which were queried through a questionnaire survey that analyses different risk types. Then, the software R was used to treat the results.

Findings

The results show that companies are exposed and vulnerable to uncertain events, and five risk types were formed: legal, image, financial, strategic and operational. There is a bigger concern about the management of financial risks.

Practical implications

Academics and companies can become more aware and master the concept of risk and its different branches, which consequently favours the adoption of strategies to better manage and plan risk.

Originality/value

The literature on international businesses and their risks assumes that all crises are the same. However, the COVID-19 pandemic, besides causing a recession, obliges people and companies to adapt to a new scenario. Risks become more important to companies, in a way that had not been academically studied.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19 大流行时期葡萄牙组织的风险分类——探索性统计分析

目的

这项工作旨在描述公司在大流行背景下应对的风险，并确定葡萄牙组织中最常见的风险类型。它还旨在验证是否有或没有计划或策略来应对大流行病（例如由 COVID-19 引起的大流行病）的公司之间的各种风险类型是否存在差异。

设计/方法/方法

基于针对葡萄牙公司的问卷调查的应用，使用了一种定量方法。样本由1,647家葡萄牙公司组成，通过问卷调查对不同风险类型进行分析。然后使用R软件对结果进行处理。

发现

结果表明，企业容易受到不确定事件的影响，形成了五种风险类型：法律、形象、财务、战略和运营。人们对金融风险管理的担忧更大。

实际影响

学术界和公司可以更加了解和掌握风险及其不同分支的概念，从而有利于采用策略来更好地管理和规划风险。

原创性/价值

关于国际企业及其风险的文献假设所有危机都是一样的。然而，COVID-19 大流行除了导致经济衰退外，还迫使人们和公司适应新的情况。风险对公司来说变得更加重要，这在学术上是没有研究过的。