The recent advent of deep observational surveys of local Milky Way ‘analogues’ and their satellite populations allows us to place the Milky Way in a broader cosmological context and to test models of galaxy formation on small scales. In this study, we use the Lambda cold dark matter (ΛCDM)-based ARTEMIS suite of cosmological hydrodynamical simulations containing 45 Milky Way analogue host haloes to make comparisons to the observed satellite luminosity functions, radial distribution functions, and abundance scaling relations from the recent Local Volume and SAGA observational surveys, in addition to the Milky Way and M31. We find that, contrary to some previous claims, ΛCDM-based simulations can successfully and simultaneously capture the mean trends and the diversity in both the observed luminosity and radial distribution functions of Milky Way analogues once important observational selection criteria are factored in. Furthermore, we show that, at fixed halo mass, the concentration of the simulated satellite radial distribution is partly set by that of the underlying smooth dark matter halo, although stochasticity due to the finite number of satellites is the dominant driver of scatter in the radial distribution of satellites at fixed halo mass.

中文翻译：

---

宇宙学模拟能否捕捉到观测到的银河系类似物的不同卫星群？

最近对当地银河系“类似物”及其卫星群的深度观测调查的出现使我们能够将银河系置于更广泛的宇宙学背景中，并在小尺度上测试星系形成的模型。在这项研究中，我们使用基于 Lambda 冷暗物质 (ΛCDM) 的 ARTEMIS 宇宙流体动力学模拟套件，其中包含 45 个银河系模拟主晕，以与最近观测到的卫星光度函数、径向分布函数和丰度比例关系进行比较。除银河系和 M31 外，局部体积和 SAGA 观测调查。我们发现，与之前的一些主张相反，