Natural disasters offer a specific case study of the mix of public and private insurance. Indeed, the experience accumulated over the past decades has made it possible to transform poorly-known hazards like flood losses, long considered uninsurable, into risks that can be assessed with some precision. They exemplify, however, the affordability issue associated with risk-based premiums. The French scheme reflects such ideas and offers wide coverage for moderate premiums to all, but is questioned in its principle by climate change: we show that some wealthier areas that were not perceived as ‘at risk’ in the past have now become exposed to submersion risk. This singularly makes some well-off properties the potential main beneficiaries of a scheme that was historically thought to protect the worst-off. Acknowledging that some segmentation may become desirable, we examine several models for flood risk and the disparity in premiums they entail.

自然灾害提供了公共和私人保险混合的具体案例研究。的确，过去数十年的经验积累使将人们鲜为人知的灾害（如洪水损失）（已被人们认为是无法保险的）转化为可以精确评估的风险成为可能。但是，它们例证了与基于风险的保险费相关的可负担性问题。法国的计划反映了这样的想法，并为所有人提供了中等保费的广泛保障，但其原则受到气候变化的质疑：我们表明，一些过去不被视为“高风险”的较富裕地区现在已经陷入了淹没的境地。风险。这单单使一些小康财产成为该计划的潜在主要受益者，该计划在历史上曾被认为可以保护最穷的人。