In flood disasters, the psychological and cognitive satisfaction of victims has become a topic of eager attention by rescue agencies. In response to this situation, this study established an emergency rescue material distribution model while ensuring fairness and satisfaction. Introduced prospect theory and unfair theory, analyze the disaster victims’ risk perception of the arrival time of rescue materials, establish an emergency supplies distribution model based on the maximum satisfaction of the victims, and use the optimized ant colony algorithm to solve the model. The test proved that the proposed emergency material distribution model is practical and maneuverable. Among the five disaster-stricken sites, A, B, and C with the highest urgency have relatively short material acquisition time, which is 18 min, 14 min, and 16 min. The material satisfaction rates of the disaster-affected areas A, B, C, D, and E are 100%, 90.38%, 93.49%, 72.88%, and 83.09%. It depends on the degree of damage in the disaster area while ensuring fairness and satisfaction that carry out material distribution. The research results have potential value and important significance in the deployment and optimization of disaster relief material systems.

在洪水灾害中，受害者的心理和认知满意度已成为救援机构急切关注的话题。针对这种情况，本研究建立了应急救援物资分配模型，同时确保了公平性和满意度。介绍了前景理论和不公平理论，分析了灾民对救援物资到达时间的风险感知，建立了基于灾民最大满意度的应急物资分配模型，并采用优化的蚁群算法进行求解。测试证明，所提出的应急物资分配模型是可行和可操作的。在五个受灾地点中，紧急度最高的A，B和C的物资获取时间相对较短，分别是18分钟，14分钟和16分钟。受灾地区A，B，C，D和E的物质满意度分别为100％，90.38％，93.49％，72.88％和83.09％。它取决于灾区的破坏程度，同时确保进行物资分发的公平性和满意度。研究结果对救灾物资系统的部署和优化具有潜在的价值和重要的意义。