SummaryMethomyl is a widely used carbamate insecticide and environmental oestrogen that has adverse effects on the reproductive system. However, there have been no reports on the effect of methomyl on early embryos in mammals. In this study, we explored the effect of methomyl exposure on the quality of early embryonic development in mice and the possible mechanisms. During in vitro culture, different concentrations of methomyl (10, 20, 30 and 35 μM) were added to mouse zygote medium. The results showed that methomyl had an adverse effect on early embryonic development. Compared with the control group, the addition of 30 μM methomyl significantly reduced the rate of early embryo blastocyst formation. Methomyl exposure can increase oxidative stress and impair mitochondrial function, which may be the cause of blastocyst formation. In addition, we found that methomyl exposure promoted apoptosis and autophagy in mouse blastocysts. The toxic effect of methomyl on early embryos may be the result of oxidative stress induction. Taken together, our results indicate that methomyl can cause embryonic development defects in mice, thereby reducing the quality of early embryo development.

中文翻译：

---

灭多威暴露引起的氧化应激降低了小鼠早期胚胎发育的质量

摘要灭多威是一种广泛使用的氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂和环境雌激素，对生殖系统有不良影响。然而，没有关于灭多威对哺乳动物早期胚胎影响的报道。在这项研究中，我们探讨了灭多威暴露对小鼠早期胚胎发育质量的影响及其可能的机制。期间体外培养时，将不同浓度的灭多威 (10, 20, 30 和 35 μM) 添加到小鼠合子培养基中。结果表明灭多威对早期胚胎发育有不良影响。与对照组相比，添加30 μM灭多威显着降低了早期胚胎囊胚形成率。灭多威暴露会增加氧化应激并损害线粒体功能，这可能是囊胚形成的原因。此外，我们发现灭多威暴露促进了小鼠胚泡的细胞凋亡和自噬。灭多威对早期胚胎的毒性作用可能是氧化应激诱导的结果。总之，我们的结果表明灭多威可导致小鼠胚胎发育缺陷，从而降低早期胚胎发育的质量。